Last year marked a significant shift in global politics as the world began to see the full scope of President Trump’s “America First” foreign policy. This approach is characterized by transactionalism, the use of tariffs, and a focus on power dynamics with both allies and adversaries.
Perhaps most notably, the administration has signaled a return to a spheres-of-influence worldview, reminiscent of 19th-century geopolitics. This vision prioritizes the idea that America’s strength and prosperity are best secured by focusing on its own interests, rather than through traditional alliances and international institutions established after World War II.
This shift was particularly evident in the Western Hemisphere, where a military buildup culminated in a January 3rd operation in Venezuela. President Maduro was seized and brought to the U.S. to face drug trafficking charges. This action, framed as a response to illicit activity, also served as a demonstration of America’s asserted dominance in the region.
The administration’s approach has also involved a re-evaluation of relationships with key international partners. 2025 saw a distancing from European allies alongside strengthened ties with leaders such as Russia’s Vladimir Putin and Saudi Arabia’s Mohammed bin Salman, as pictured in a November 18th meeting at the White House.
Beyond the Western Hemisphere, President Trump has taken direct action by bombing Iran’s nuclear facilities and utilizing tariffs in its economic competition with China. Negotiations have also been initiated to address ongoing conflicts in Gaza and Ukraine, though the path to resolution remains uncertain.
Early in his second term, President Trump also publicly questioned the status of the Panama Canal, referred to Canada as the “51st state,” and revisited the idea of acquiring Greenland. These statements, while controversial, underscore the administration’s willingness to challenge established norms and assert American interests.
The military actions in the Caribbean, including strikes against suspected drug-smuggling boats and a blockade of Venezuelan oil tankers, were intended to pressure President Maduro, whom Mr. Trump has labeled a “narco-terrorist.” However, these actions were also viewed as a signal to China, which maintains significant economic and political ties in Latin America.
The administration’s message to Beijing is clear: the Western Hemisphere is considered within America’s domain of influence.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the “America First” foreign policy?
The “America First” foreign policy prioritizes American interests above all others, emphasizing transactional relationships, the use of tariffs, and a focus on national strength. It represents a departure from traditional alliances and international institutions.
What actions has the administration taken in the Western Hemisphere?
The administration conducted a military operation in Venezuela that resulted in the seizure of President Nicolás Maduro to face drug trafficking charges in the U.S. It also threatened action regarding the Panama Canal and considered acquiring Greenland, and implemented a blockade of Venezuelan oil tankers.
How has the administration’s foreign policy affected relationships with other countries?
The administration has seen a deepening estrangement from European allies and more collegial relations with leaders from Russia and Saudi Arabia. It has also taken actions, such as bombing Iran’s nuclear facilities and using tariffs, that impact its relationship with China.
As this new approach unfolds, will the United States be able to successfully navigate a world increasingly defined by competing spheres of influence?
