Colombia Faces Rising Infectious Disease Concerns: A Deep Dive into Santander’s Health Crisis
Preventable diseases are currently responsible for the largest health burden in Santander, Colombia, according to data from the National Health Institute (INS). Several infections, some with vaccines available, are experiencing sustained increases, raising concerns among health officials and residents.
Respiratory Infections Surge in Early 2026
Santander is currently grappling with a peak in acute respiratory infections (IRAs). Over the past seven years, the department has consistently ranked among the top five nationally for IRA incidence. As of early 2026, 18,106 individuals in Santander have sought medical attention for respiratory issues, with 1,282 requiring hospitalization and 327 needing intensive care.
Barrancabermeja, Floridablanca, and Piedecuesta are identified as municipalities exhibiting unusual patterns related to these infections. The INS notes a significant increase compared to expectations, with current figures exceeding projections by approximately 378 cases. Experts like Luz Adriana Ausique, a respiratory therapist at the Universidad Manuela Beltrán, attribute this rise to fluctuating temperatures and increased circulation of viruses like influenza.
While influenza cases are increasing globally, Santander is primarily experiencing the H1N1 strain. Health authorities emphasize the importance of preventative measures such as mask-wearing, frequent handwashing, and avoiding crowded spaces. Seeking medical attention at the onset of symptoms, particularly fever, sore throat, or breathing difficulties, is also crucial.
Tuberculosis Cases Remain a Persistent Threat
In 2025, Santander recorded 1,612 cases of tuberculosis, a bacterial disease spread through airborne transmission. The disease saw a significant spike, with cases reported in at least ten municipalities, including outbreaks within the Bucaramanga and Barrancabermeja prisons, leading to temporary closures for control measures.
Early 2026 data indicates a continued concern, with 91 cases reported in the first four weeks, a 31.9% increase compared to the same period last year – representing 22 additional cases. Vaccination remains a key preventative strategy, with vaccines readily available at healthcare centers.
Dengue Fever Alert Continues
Santander has been under epidemiological alert for dengue fever since last year. As of the latest reports, 646 cases have been recorded, a substantial increase from the 361 cases reported during the same period in 2025. The disease, transmitted by vectors, is exacerbated by climate change, population density, and limited access to basic services, particularly in rural areas.
In 2025, Santander reported 11,183 dengue cases, some progressing to severe forms of the illness. Health professionals are actively working to control mosquito populations and educate the public on preventative measures.
Resurgence of Whooping Cough (Pertussis)
The INS has confirmed a whooping cough outbreak within the U’wa indigenous community in Santander. Exposure is believed to have occurred during traditional festivals where individuals exhibiting respiratory symptoms were present. Five cases have been identified in children aged between one month and three years, receiving treatment at the Hospital Universitario de Santander and other facilities.
Year-to-date, Santander has recorded 12 cases of whooping cough, compared to 106 cases in all of 2025. Vaccination is a critical preventative measure, and authorities urge parents to ensure their children’s vaccination schedules are up to date.
Vaccination: The Cornerstone of Prevention
Vaccines are available for tuberculosis, whooping cough, and influenza. While tuberculosis and whooping cough vaccinations are standard for children, the influenza vaccine is recommended annually to mitigate the spread of the virus. These vaccines are accessible free of charge at healthcare centers throughout Santander.
Frequently Asked Questions
- What are the most common symptoms of a respiratory infection? Fever, cough, sore throat, and difficulty breathing.
- Is there a dengue fever vaccine available? While vaccines are available in some countries, they are not currently part of the standard vaccination schedule in Colombia.
- How can I protect myself from tuberculosis? Get vaccinated as a child and practice good hygiene, such as covering your mouth when coughing or sneezing.
- What should I do if I suspect I have whooping cough? Seek medical attention immediately.
Pro Tip: Staying informed about local health alerts and following the guidance of health authorities is crucial for protecting yourself and your community.
Stay updated on the latest health news and preventative measures by visiting the Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social website.
