A recent Arctic cold front brought a temporary reprieve to Florida’s ongoing battle with invasive iguanas, stunning or killing large numbers of the reptiles. The cold snap, which saw temperatures plummet to near freezing as far south as Homestead, is believed to be the largest culling of the iguana population since similar weather in 2010.
Why Florida’s Invasive Iguana Population is a Concern
In recent years, the iguana population in South Florida has been expanding into Brevard County. These iguanas cause increasing damage by burrowing into flood control structures, digging under sidewalks, and damaging landscaping. University of Florida wildlife ecology professor Frank Mazzotti noted in a 2025 interview that the issue is “no longer a cute backyard problem,” and action is needed.
Just weeks before the cold snap, Florida wildlife officials added iguanas to the state’s “Dirty Dozen” list of most virulent invasive species. Despite the recent population reduction, experts anticipate a rebound due to the iguana’s high reproductive rate. As Professor Mazzotti stated, “Distribution and abundance of green iguanas increased after the 2010 freeze,” and he “expect[s] the same to happen here.”
The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission collected nearly 5,200 cold-stunned iguanas during a two-day program in early February, allowing residents to drop off the temporarily paralyzed animals. Approximately 1,615 live iguanas were rehomed or sold out of state, while the remainder were euthanized, with some going to an exotic leathers manufacturer.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the “Dirty Dozen” list?
The “Dirty Dozen” is a list of the most virulent invasive species in Florida, designated by wildlife officials to prioritize management efforts. It was recently amended to include iguanas, Peter’s rock agama, and the poisonous cane toad.
How do iguanas react to cold weather?
When temperatures drop between 40 and 50 degrees, iguanas can develop into temporarily paralyzed, a state known as torpor. If temperatures remain cold for extended periods, especially without sunlight, iguanas can die.
Where are iguanas established in Florida?
Iguanas are well established in South Florida, including Miami-Dade, Broward, Palm Beach, Monroe Counties, and the Florida Keys. Stable populations now extend as far north as Brevard County.
As Florida continues to grapple with invasive species, will the state be able to effectively manage the iguana population and mitigate the damage they cause?
