Algeria and Niger Forge New Alliance: A Sahelian Shift with Global Implications
A significant thaw in relations between Algeria and Niger is underway, marked by the recent visit of Nigerien President Gen. Abdourahamane Tiani to Algiers. This rapprochement signals a potential turning point in the geopolitics of the Sahel region, with implications for security, energy, and migration flows to Europe.
From Diplomatic Rift to Strategic Partnership
Just months after a period of strained relations stemming from accusations of airspace violations and reciprocal ambassador recalls in April 2023, Algeria and Niger are actively rebuilding ties. The visit, described by officials as reflecting the “depth of historical relations,” underscores a commitment to resolving disputes and fostering cooperation. This shift is particularly noteworthy given the broader context of political instability and military transitions across the Sahel.
Energy Security: The Trans-Saharan Gas Pipeline Project
A central pillar of the renewed partnership is the Trans-Saharan Gas Pipeline. The project, intended to connect Niger’s gas fields to the Algerian network and ultimately to European markets, is slated to become operational after Ramadan. This pipeline is part of a larger, over 4,000-kilometer infrastructure designed to transport 20-30 billion cubic meters of gas annually from Nigeria to Europe, transiting through Niger, and Algeria. Agreements to accelerate feasibility studies and technical coordination between the three countries were signed in February 2025.
For Algeria, this reinforces its role as a key energy hub for Southern Europe. The stabilization of Niger is therefore crucial not only for regional security but similarly for ensuring reliable energy supplies to Europe, particularly in the wake of geopolitical shifts impacting energy markets.
Security Cooperation: A United Front Against Terrorism
Both nations have affirmed a shared commitment to combating terrorism and regional destabilization, stating they are “in the same trench.” Algeria views the approximately 1,000-kilometer southern border with Niger as a sensitive area for national security and seeks to strengthen stability along this frontier. This collaboration extends to intelligence sharing and operational coordination, reflecting a broader Algerian approach prioritizing national sovereignty and rejecting external military intervention.
Migration and Border Control: A Complex Dynamic
Algeria serves as a crucial transit country for migrants traveling from Niger towards the Mediterranean. While maintaining a strict border control policy and conducting regular repatriations to Niger, Algeria is also experiencing an increase in departures from its coasts towards Italy. In the first 40 days of 2026, 206 migrants departed from Algerian shores, an 83.9% increase compared to the same period in 2025, though still lower than the Libyan route.
Beyond Energy and Security: Infrastructure and Development
The bilateral cooperation extends beyond energy and security to encompass infrastructure projects aimed at integrating Niger into north-south trade networks. These include a dry port in Agadez, railway connections, a trans-Saharan road, and investments in education and healthcare facilities. This strategy aims to reduce the logistical isolation of the Sahel region.
Did you know?
Algeria’s strategy in the Sahel is described as one of “strategic depth,” highlighting the region’s vital importance to its national security and broader African ambitions.
FAQ
Q: What prompted the recent improvement in Algeria-Niger relations?
A: The visit of Nigerien President Abdourahamane Tiani to Algiers signaled a desire to move past a period of diplomatic tension that began in April 2023.
Q: What is the Trans-Saharan Gas Pipeline project?
A: It’s a project to transport gas from Niger, through Algeria, to European markets, aiming to bolster energy security.
Q: What is Algeria’s stance on security in the Sahel?
A: Algeria prioritizes national sovereignty and favors cooperation and intelligence sharing over external military intervention.
Pro Tip
Keep an eye on developments regarding the Trans-Saharan Gas Pipeline. Its successful implementation could significantly alter the energy landscape in Southern Europe.
Explore our other articles on Nova News for further insights into African geopolitics and energy markets.
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