From Near Extinction to Icon of Hope: The Iberian Lynx’s Remarkable Comeback
A stunning photograph, “Flying Rodent” by Josef Stefan, has captured the world’s attention, winning the Nuveen People’s Choice Award 2026 at the Wildlife Photographer of the Year competition. The image depicts a young Iberian lynx playfully tossing its prey in the air – a scene that embodies both the wild beauty and the conservation success story of this remarkable species.
A Species on the Brink
Once one of the most endangered mammals globally, the Iberian lynx faced a devastating decline. By the early 2000s, only around 100 individuals remained, with just 62 being mature enough to breed, confined to a few isolated pockets of habitat in Spain. Several factors contributed to this crisis, including habitat loss as scrubland and oak woodland disappeared, persecution by humans who mistakenly believed they preyed on livestock, and disease outbreaks that decimated rabbit populations – the lynx’s primary food source.
Turning the Tide: A Collaborative Conservation Effort
Recognizing the precarious situation, conservationists intensified their efforts, particularly after the species was declared Critically Endangered in 2002. These efforts focused on nature-based solutions, including creating corridors to connect fragmented habitats, restoring degraded land, and protecting rabbit populations. A highly successful captive breeding and reintroduction program was also implemented. Lynx were brought into captivity to establish new breeding lines, and kittens were trained to hunt and avoid human contact before being reintroduced to the wild.
A 1,500% Increase in Population
The results have been extraordinary. Over the past two decades, the Iberian lynx population has surged by 1,500%. Seven new populations have been established across Spain and Portugal, a testament to the power of collaborative conservation. “This is a remarkable achievement that required collaboration among scientists, government agencies, NGOs and local communities,” says Dr. Natalie Cooper, a researcher at the Natural History Museum. “A true example of what we can do if we work together.”
The Power of a Single Image
Josef Stefan, the photographer behind “Flying Rodent,” spent two weeks observing lynx from a hide in Torre de Juan Abad, Ciudad Real, Spain. He watched as the young lynx played with its prey for approximately 20 minutes before finally consuming it. For Stefan, capturing this image was the culmination of a long-held dream. “The Iberian lynx is a living symbol of hope, showing what can happen when we take responsibility, act consciously and focus our attention where it’s most needed,” he says. “Winning this award and being able to platform this message is the highlight of my 30 years as a nature photographer.”
Beyond the Lynx: Lessons for Conservation
The Iberian lynx’s story offers valuable lessons for conservation efforts worldwide. It demonstrates the importance of addressing multiple threats simultaneously – habitat loss, human-wildlife conflict, and disease – and the critical role of collaboration between diverse stakeholders. The success also highlights the effectiveness of captive breeding and reintroduction programs when combined with habitat restoration and community engagement.
Explore More Stunning Wildlife Photography
This year’s competition also showcased other captivating images, including a striking photograph of flamingos against an industrial backdrop and a heartwarming scene of a polar bear family. Visit the online gallery to view these and other shortlisted photographs from previous People’s Choice competitions.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the Iberian lynx?
It’s one of four species of lynx, found exclusively on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe, known for its spotted, reddish-brown fur and black-tufted ears.
How close to extinction did the Iberian lynx get?
By the early 2000s, the population had dwindled to around 100 individuals, with only 62 mature enough to breed.
What helped the Iberian lynx recover?
Conservation efforts included habitat restoration, protecting prey species (rabbits), captive breeding programs, and reintroduction to the wild.
Where can I see more photos from the competition?
You can view the top five photos and images from previous competitions at the Natural History Museum’s online gallery.
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