Indonesia’s National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) has introduced a comprehensive set of strategies to combat the spread of the invasive suckermouth catfish, known scientifically as Plecostomus. The species is currently disrupting freshwater ecosystems across the country.
An Integrated Strategy for Ecosystem Protection
During a discussion in Jakarta, Triyanto, a researcher at BRIN’s Center for Limnology and Water Resources, emphasized the necessity of an integrated approach. This framework focuses on three main pillars: prevention, control, and utilization.
Prevention efforts will center on strict monitoring of the introduction of new species. Public education campaigns aim to discourage the release of non-native fish into public waters.
Control measures include localized eradication and intensive capture. Meanwhile, utilization strategies are exploring ways to transform the invasive fish into industrial products, fertilizer, or raw materials for feed.
Short-Term and Long-Term Objectives
BRIN has established a phased timeline to address the infestation. Short-term steps, spanning one to two years, include habitat identification, routine monitoring, and mass capture, paired with education on alternative uses for the fish.
Long-term measures, planned over three to 10 years, involve more systemic changes. These include water quality improvement, habitat restoration, the reintroduction of native species, and the implementation of stronger regulations.
Triyanto warned that without sustained intervention, the sustainability of Indonesia’s inland water resources could be threatened. “This is not only a biodiversity issue, but also about ecosystem resilience and livelihoods dependent on freshwater,” he stated.
Risk Assessment and Biological Controls
Gema Wahyudewantoro, a researcher at BRIN’s Center for Biosystematics and Evolution, noted that while not all foreign species are harmful, any species has the potential to develop into invasive depending on the environment.
He recommended the employ of scheduled, periodic captures and the identification of natural predators, such as the marble goby (Oxyeleotris marmorata). He also stressed the importance of ensuring fish health to prevent the entry of pathogens into ecosystems.
To prevent accidental releases, Wahyudewantoro called for controlled aquaculture systems. He further urged for stronger government oversight and public education to stop the release of ornamental fish into natural waters.
The researcher pointed out that proper management can balance ecological risks with benefits, citing the economic value of non-native catfish, tilapia, and carp in Indonesia.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is the suckermouth catfish?
The suckermouth catfish (Plecostomus), locally known as sapu-sapu, is an invasive fish species native to South America that is currently disrupting freshwater ecosystems in Indonesia.
What are the proposed uses for the captured fish?
Utilization strategies involve exploring the use of the species as raw material for industrial products, fertilizer, and animal feed.
Which natural predator was suggested to help control the population?
Gema Wahyudewantoro recommended identifying natural predators such as the marble goby (Oxyeleotris marmorata).
Do you believe public education is enough to stop the release of ornamental fish into natural waterways?