AREDS2 supplements can slow the progression of intermediate age-related macular degeneration (AMD) to advanced stages by approximately 25%, according to clinical trials. While the condition is not curable, ophthalmologist Dr. Kevin Keppel of the Cleveland Clinic reports that the specific combination of antioxidants and minerals in these supplements helps protect retinal health and preserves central vision for patients at risk of vision loss.
What are AREDS2 supplements?
AREDS2 supplements are a precise formulation of vitamins and minerals designed for individuals diagnosed with intermediate AMD in one or both eyes, or advanced AMD in one eye. According to Dr. Keppel, these supplements do not prevent the onset of early-stage disease, but they serve as a critical intervention to slow progression before severe vision loss occurs. The name originates from the second Age-Related Eye Disease Study, a landmark clinical trial that improved upon an earlier formula by replacing beta-carotene with lutein and zeaxanthin.
What is in the AREDS2 formula?
The efficacy of AREDS2 lies in its specific, evidence-backed dosage. According to the Cleveland Clinic, the daily recommended intake includes:
- 500 milligrams of vitamin C
- 400 international units of vitamin E
- 80 milligrams of zinc
- 2 milligrams of copper
- 10 milligrams of lutein
- 2 milligrams of zeaxanthin
Most of these components act as antioxidants. Dr. Keppel notes that they shield the retina from the oxidative damage that drives the progression of macular degeneration. The inclusion of copper is a vital safety measure; high doses of zinc can lead to copper deficiency, so the formula balances these minerals to prevent internal imbalances.
How effective is the supplement for long-term vision?
Clinical data indicates that people taking the AREDS2 formula have an 18% lower risk of progressing to late-stage AMD compared to those using the original formula. Overall, the risk of moving from intermediate to advanced AMD is reduced by about 25%. Because AMD typically advances slowly, Dr. Keppel emphasizes that the supplement is a long-term commitment. Stopping the regimen can cause the disease to resume its progression toward geographic atrophy or wet AMD.
Are there risks or side effects?
While generally safe, AREDS2 supplements can cause mild digestive issues, including nausea, stomach cramps, or changes in bowel movements. Dr. Keppel advises patients to consult their primary care physician before starting the supplement, particularly if they take blood thinners like warfarin (Coumadin® or Jantoven®). High doses of vitamin E can increase bleeding risks, and existing dietary intake of zinc should be evaluated to avoid excessive levels.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I take the original AREDS formula instead?
While the original is available over-the-counter, the AREDS2 formula is more effective and safer, especially for smokers. The original formula carries a proven risk of lung cancer for those who smoke or have a history of smoking.
At what age should I start monitoring for AMD?
Dr. Keppel recommends that everyone undergo yearly eye exams starting at age 50. These exams are necessary to monitor for early signs of AMD and to determine if supplementation is appropriate for your specific clinical profile.
Do these supplements replace a healthy diet?
No. These are supplements designed to provide high-level protection for specific patients. They should be used under the guidance of an eye care professional as part of a broader plan for eye health.
Are you concerned about your eye health? Schedule a comprehensive eye exam with your local ophthalmologist today to discuss whether AREDS2 is right for you. For more insights on maintaining your vision as you age, subscribe to our health newsletter.
