Maryland health officials are investigating a rise in cyclosporiasis, a parasitic illness that has affected hundreds of people across at least 18 states. According to the Maryland Department of Health, the state has confirmed 32 cases in 2026, with 28 of those reports occurring since May 1. While the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is currently working to identify the specific source of the outbreak, no single common link has been established for the cases reported between May 1 and July 7.
Understanding Cyclosporiasis and Transmission Risks
Cyclosporiasis is a gastrointestinal illness caused by the microscopic parasite Cyclospora. Dr. Jonathan Thierman, president of Expresscare Urgent Care Centers, notes that the parasite is transmitted through the fecal-oral route, typically when food sources become contaminated with stool.
The parasite is frequently associated with fresh produce. “They’ve seen it in lettuce, they’ve seen it in berries, I think raspberries is one of the most significant, because it’s the most difficult to wash because there’s a lot of crevices,” Dr. Thierman explained. Because the parasite’s eggs are sticky, they can adhere to the surface of fruits and vegetables, making them difficult to remove even with thorough washing.
Why Tracking Cyclospora Outbreaks Remains Difficult
Identifying the origin of an outbreak is rarely straightforward. According to medical professionals, symptoms—which include watery diarrhea, stomach cramps, loss of appetite, and extreme fatigue—often take about a week to manifest after exposure. This delay complicates the ability of investigators to trace the exact meal or food item responsible for the infection.
Furthermore, the biological nature of the parasite poses additional challenges. The parasite undergoes changes as it replicates, which can obscure the connection between individual cases and a single source.
Seasonal Trends in Maryland Case Data
Maryland health authorities emphasize that cyclosporiasis cases consistently rise during the spring and summer months, specifically between May 1 and August 31. Recent data shows annual fluctuations in the number of confirmed cases:
- 2026: 32 confirmed cases (28 reported since May 1).
- 2025: 128 total confirmed cases (18 reported between May 1 and July 7).
- 2024: 204 total confirmed cases (19 reported between May 1 and July 7).
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the primary symptoms of a Cyclospora infection?
The most common symptoms are watery diarrhea, stomach cramps, loss of appetite, and extreme fatigue. These symptoms often appear about a week after ingestion of the parasite.
How is cyclosporiasis treated?
The illness is treated with antibiotics prescribed by a healthcare provider. If you suspect you have the parasite, seek medical attention rather than assuming it is standard food poisoning.
Can washing produce prevent infection?
While thoroughly washing fresh fruits and vegetables is recommended, it is not a guaranteed prevention method. The parasite’s eggs can be sticky and may remain hidden in the crevices of produce like raspberries.
Is this outbreak limited to Maryland?
No. The CDC reports that the parasite has affected hundreds of people across at least 18 states. Investigations into the source of the contamination are ongoing.
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