Later this year, Türkiye will host the COP31 climate summit in Antalya, placing the country at the center of global climate diplomacy. This is a pivotal moment, extending beyond discussions of emissions and energy to address the survival of nations already experiencing the most severe impacts of climate change.
Türkiye’s Role and a Novel Legal Framework
Türkiye has been increasingly active in climate efforts, balancing development with investments in renewable energy and international cooperation. Hosting COP31 presents an opportunity for leadership and to amplify the voices of those most affected. Recent developments at the International Court of Justice have established that countries responsible for greenhouse gas emissions can be held accountable, and that island nations retain legal existence even if submerged by rising sea levels.
Facing Disappearing Homelands
The reality of climate change is already unfolding in the Pacific. In Tuvalu, the possibility of the country disappearing within decades is being confronted, leading to explorations of becoming a “digital nation” – a move described as both creative and desperate. In Kiribati, the government is preparing its people for relocation, prioritizing dignity through education and work opportunities, and has even purchased land in Fiji as a potential future home, though this is considered a last resort.
Challenges Beyond the Pacific
Even nations like Fiji, relatively better positioned, face challenges from rising sea levels and changing weather patterns, forcing internal relocation of communities. Flooding, disease, and economic pressure are becoming commonplace.
A Matter of Justice and Accountability
The imbalance of responsibility is stark: island nations have contributed almost nothing to global emissions, yet bear the highest price. This underscores that the issue is not simply environmental, but a matter of justice. COP31 is seen as a crucial turning point, requiring practical solutions, stronger commitments, and accountability.
Protecting these nations is about safeguarding cultures, histories, and futures. Once lost to the ocean, these cannot be recovered. The world has limited time to act, and the decisions made at forums like COP31 will determine whether these nations survive or become symbols of failure. Türkiye’s role as host and a diplomatic actor will be closely observed.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the purpose of COP31?
COP31 is a climate summit intended to foster discussions on emissions, energy, and, crucially, the survival of nations facing the most severe impacts of climate change.
What role will Türkiye play in COP31?
Türkiye will host COP31 in Antalya and hold the formal COP31 presidency, managing logistics, the World Leaders Summit, communications, and overall operations.
What has the International Court of Justice recently decided regarding climate change?
The International Court of Justice has stated that countries responsible for greenhouse gas emissions can be held accountable and that island nations will continue to legally exist even if rising seas submerge their land.
As the world confronts the escalating climate crisis, what responsibility do nations with the greatest capacity to effect change have to those most vulnerable to its effects?
