A new blood test is showing promise in predicting risk levels for patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), the most common inherited heart condition. The test, developed by a team of scientists from Harvard and Oxford universities, could offer a way to identify those most vulnerable to life-threatening complications.
Understanding Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
HCM affects millions worldwide and is characterized by a thickening of the heart muscle. The condition is caused by genetic changes and often runs in families. While some individuals experience few or no symptoms, others face serious risks including heart failure and cardiac arrest. Currently, there is no cure for HCM, and doctors have lacked a reliable method to determine which patients are at greatest risk.
The new test focuses on measuring levels of N-terminal Pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-Pro-BNP) in the blood. This protein is released as the heart pumps, but elevated levels indicate the heart is working under excessive strain. A study of 700 HCM patients revealed a correlation between high NT-Pro-BNP levels and poorer blood flow, scar tissue, and changes that could lead to atrial fibrillation or heart failure.
Potential Impact on Patient Care
Researchers believe this blood test could fundamentally change how HCM is managed. According to Prof. Carolyn Ho, medical director of the cardiovascular genetics centre at Harvard Medical School, the test could allow doctors to “target the right therapies to the right patients at the right time.” She added that further research into blood biomarkers will improve understanding of HCM and potentially lead to a routine blood test to assess risk.
Lara Johnson, 34, of Southampton in the UK, who was diagnosed with HCM eight years ago, shared her experience. She described the “constant uncertainty” of living with the condition and expressed hope that a blood test could provide clarity and allow patients to better manage their lives. Several of her family members have also been diagnosed with HCM.
Prof. Bryan Williams, chief scientific and medical officer of the British Heart Foundation, which funded the research, stated the test “could benefit patients around the world.” He noted that the test may also provide insights into the progression of HCM and potentially lead to new treatment strategies.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a disease of the heart muscle where the wall of the heart becomes thickened. It is caused by a change in one or more genes and is often passed on through families.
What does the blood test measure?
The blood test measures the levels of a protein called N-terminal Pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-Pro-BNP). High levels of this protein suggest the heart is working too hard.
Could this test lead to a cure for HCM?
The study does not suggest the test is a cure for HCM. However, it could help doctors identify patients at highest risk and target treatments more effectively, and may provide insights into new ways of treating the condition.
Will this test become widely available soon? It is possible that further studies will be conducted to validate these findings and determine the best way to implement this test in clinical practice. It is also possible that the test will be refined or that other biomarkers will be identified to improve its accuracy.
