Redshirting – delaying a child’s entry into formal schooling by a year – is gaining attention, particularly on social media. Defined by the Oxford English Dictionary as postponing school to avoid a child being among the youngest in their class, the practice stems from a sports analogy where athletes are held back to develop skills. Parents, particularly in the US and Australia, believe delaying school can help children, especially boys, excel academically and socially.
In New Zealand, children typically begin school on or after their fifth birthday, though some schools use cohort entry. Legally, all children must be in some form of schooling – physical school, homeschool, or online – by age six, giving parents a 12-month window to delay formal schooling.
While data on school start ages in New Zealand is limited, experts are weighing in on the practice. Dr. Karen Harris, a senior lecturer in education psychology at Massey University, notes that delaying school can simply be avoiding a challenging transition. Dr. Michael Johnston, a cognitive psychologist from the New Zealand Initiative, points out that research on long-term benefits is mixed, and any bias in studies may be linked to socioeconomic factors.
Studies have shown short-term gains in math and literacy for children who start school later, but these gains often diminish over time. Johnston also notes that boys may face a more difficult adjustment period due to societal expectations. Some parents point to countries like Finland, where children start school at age seven, as a model, though Johnston cautions that Finland’s school system rankings have declined in recent decades.
The situation can be particularly nuanced for neurodiverse children. While some parents delay school to allow for further development or to ensure schools are adequately prepared to support their child’s needs, Johnston suggests that starting school earlier can facilitate earlier identification of potential learning differences and access to intervention. However, he also acknowledges the risk of misdiagnosis.
Educational psychologist Pari Sabetian delayed formal learning for her daughters by sending them to a Steiner school, which emphasizes self-directed play until age seven. She believes this approach aligns with her daughters’ needs and her native Bolivia’s educational norms.
Harris recommends several steps to ease the school transition, including building a positive image of school, familiarizing children with the school environment, practicing independence, fostering social-emotional readiness, establishing routines, maintaining communication with teachers, and prioritizing parental well-being.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is ‘redshirting’?
Redshirting is delaying the start of formal schooling for a child by one year, typically to avoid them being among the youngest in their class.
Is redshirting a growing trend?
There is limited data on whether redshirting is a growing trend in New Zealand, but in the Australian state of Queensland, the percentage of children with a delayed school start has more than doubled between 2014 and 2024.
What do experts say about the benefits of redshirting?
Evidence on the long-term benefits of redshirting is mixed. Some studies show short-term gains, but these often diminish over time. Experts suggest that the decision to delay school is complex and should be considered on a case-by-case basis.
parents must weigh the potential benefits and drawbacks of delaying school, considering their child’s individual needs and circumstances. What factors will influence your decision regarding when to send your child to school?
