The narrative of individual genius often overlooks the crucial role of community and upbringing, according to a new book by MIT scholar Joshua Bennett. Bennett’s work, “The People Can Fly: American Promise, Black Prodigies, and the Greatest Miracle of All Time,” published this week by Hachette, examines the lives of prominent figures—including James Baldwin, Malcolm X, Gwendolyn Brooks, Stevie Wonder, and Nikki Giovanni—to reveal the collaborative nature of talent.
The Cultivation of Promise
Bennett argues that even individuals widely considered prodigies, like James Baldwin, benefited from cultivation. By age 14, Baldwin was a successful church preacher, and earlier in life, he was reading the works of Dostoyevsky by the fifth grade. Bennett notes that Baldwin’s writings suggest a childhood marked by “relentless introspection,” and that his work contains “messages of persistence,” highlighting the importance of encouragement and education.
Bennett challenges the idea that exceptional individuals “emerged ex nihilo,” emphasizing that communities, teachers, and families are vital in developing skills. He contends that a flawed model of genius often ignores these essential supporting structures.
Looking to the Stars: Nikki Giovanni’s Vision
Bennett’s exploration extends to poet Nikki Giovanni, who enrolled at Fisk University at age 17 and published her poetry collection, “Black Feeling, Black Talk,” to critical and commercial success—selling 10,000 copies—during her first year at Columbia University’s Masters of Fine Arts program. Giovanni’s work frequently reflects a fascination with space exploration, with Bennett noting that even her poem “Ego trippin (there may be a reason why)” evokes a sense of soaring and the divine.
Giovanni also advocated for increased opportunities for Americans to become astronauts, believing that everyone should have the chance to “expand the orbit of their dreaming.” This sentiment connects to a broader theme within Black culture, where stories of flying symbolize hope and the possibility of overcoming constraints.
Family and the Pursuit of Education
The book also highlights the role of family in fostering ambition. Bennett shares a personal anecdote about his own journey to Princeton University, inspired by the television show “The Fresh Prince of Bel Air” and the character Phillip Banks. He recalls his mother’s simple advice – “Study hard, honey” – despite being the first in her family to attend college. Bennett ultimately earned his PhD from Princeton, demonstrating the power of familial support and vision.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the central argument of “The People Can Fly”?
The book argues that the development of prodigious talent is rarely a solitary achievement, but rather a product of cultivation by communities, teachers, and families. It challenges the notion of genius emerging in isolation.
Who are some of the figures profiled in the book?
The book profiles James Baldwin, Malcolm X, Gwendolyn Brooks, Stevie Wonder, Nikki Giovanni, Phillis Wheatley, and Mae Jemison, among others.
What role did family play in Bennett’s own academic journey?
Bennett’s mother, despite having limited formal education herself, instilled in him the belief that higher education was possible and encouraged him to study hard, ultimately supporting his path to Princeton University and a PhD.
If the conditions for extraordinary achievement are often created, rather than inherent, what responsibility do we have to ensure equitable access to those conditions for all?
