For 2026, the Latvian Entomological Society (LEB) has designated the springtail (Collembola) as its invertebrate of the year.
A Tiny Creature, A Big Role
The LEB chose to highlight springtails to increase public awareness of these often-overlooked micro-invertebrates. These small animals play a critical role in maintaining the health of various ecosystems.
What are Springtails?
Springtails are among the oldest land animals and are found across the globe. They are wingless arthropods, ranging in size from 0.1 to 17 millimeters, and exhibit a wide variety of colors and shapes. Their coloration often corresponds to their environment – white in soil, greenish on plants, and greyish or brownish in forest undergrowth.
Despite previously being classified as insects, scientists now recognize springtails as distinct due to unique characteristics. Notably, they possess a specialized appendage, called a furca, that allows them to jump like fleas – but not using their legs.
Where Do They Live?
Springtails are remarkably adaptable, inhabiting diverse environments. They can be found in soil, under stones and logs, in bird nests and ant colonies, on plants, in caves, and even on snow. They thrive in decaying organic matter, such as fallen leaves.
Currently, around 9,600 species of springtails have been identified and described worldwide, though the actual number is likely much higher. In Latvia alone, approximately 200 species have been discovered.
The LEB is encouraging public participation in documenting springtail sightings. Observations can be reported through the website dabasdati.lv.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are springtails’ key characteristics?
Springtails are small, wingless arthropods that range in size from 0.1–17 mm. They are one of the oldest land animals and can jump using a specialized appendage called a furca.
Where can springtails be found?
Springtails inhabit a wide range of environments, including soil, undergrowth, ant nests, bird nests, moss, under stones, logs, and boards, and on various plants.
How many springtail species are known?
Around 9,600 species of springtails have been discovered and described worldwide, but scientists believe the actual number could be significantly higher. Approximately 200 species have been found in Latvia.
Will increased public awareness lead to further research into springtail populations and their role in ecosystems?
