Mpox Resurgence: Réunion Island Reports Second Imported Case, Signaling Wider Indian Ocean Risk
Réunion Island health officials have confirmed a second imported case of mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) originating from Madagascar, raising concerns about potential spread within the Indian Ocean region. This follows the initial confirmed case on January 22, 2026, and underscores the growing outbreak in Madagascar, which began in late 2025.
Madagascar’s Outbreak: A Growing Concern for Travelers
The outbreak in Madagascar, with approximately 250 confirmed cases concentrated in the Boeny region as of early February 2026, is particularly noteworthy given the country’s popularity as a tourist destination. Tens of thousands of travelers visit Madagascar annually, potentially increasing the risk of international transmission. Currently, there is no established epidemiological link between the two cases identified in Réunion.
Reactive and Preventative Vaccination Strategies
In response to the evolving situation, the Réunion Island Regional Health Agency (ARS) is implementing both reactive and preventative vaccination strategies. Preventative vaccination with JYNNEOS® (MVA-BN®) is recommended for individuals considered most at risk, including travelers heading to areas with active virus circulation, individuals with multiple sexual partners, sex workers, exposed healthcare professionals, and those with compromised immune systems.
Reactive vaccination is being offered to close contacts of confirmed cases, ideally administered within 4 to 14 days of potential exposure. Vaccinations are available at designated centers, including the North and South University Hospitals and CEGIDD West.
Symptoms and Immediate Actions
Individuals experiencing symptoms suggestive of mpox – such as a skin rash, ulcers, fever, or swollen lymph nodes – particularly those who have recently traveled to Madagascar or areas with active virus circulation, are urged to immediately contact their doctor or emergency services (SAMU-Centre 15) and self-isolate while awaiting medical advice.
U.S. CDC Travel Recommendations
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that at-risk travelers receive their first mpox vaccine at least six weeks before traveling to Madagascar, if feasible. Numerous travel vaccine clinics in the U.S. Offer mpox vaccination services.
Understanding Mpox Transmission
Mpox is primarily transmitted through direct contact with skin lesions or mucous membranes of an infected person. Indirect transmission can occur through contact with contaminated objects or surfaces, such as bedding or clothing. While droplet transmission is possible, it requires prolonged face-to-face contact without a mask and is considered less common.
Pro Tip
Frequent handwashing is a simple yet effective measure to reduce the risk of mpox transmission, especially when traveling.
What Travelers Require to Understand
The current outbreak primarily involves the Mpox clade Ib virus. Health authorities are closely monitoring the situation and maintaining communication with Malagasy health officials to track the spread and implement appropriate control measures.
FAQ
Q: What are the symptoms of mpox?
A: Symptoms include skin rash, ulcers, fever, and swollen lymph nodes.
Q: Is there a vaccine for mpox?
A: Yes, the JYNNEOS® vaccine is available for both preventative and reactive vaccination.
Q: What should I do if I suspect I have mpox?
A: Contact your doctor or emergency services immediately and self-isolate.
Q: Is mpox a serious illness?
A: While most cases are mild, mpox can be serious, especially for individuals with weakened immune systems.
Q: Where can I find more information about mpox?
A: Visit the U.S. CDC website for the latest travel advisories and information.
Stay informed and seize necessary precautions to protect yourself and others. Consider exploring additional resources on travel vaccinations and health advisories before your next trip.
