Over 16,000 former rebels and ex-combatants have applied for amnesty under a program initiated by President Marcos Jr., though calls for an extension of the application period are increasing.
A Turning Point in Decades-Long Conflicts
The Office of the Presidential Adviser on Peace, Reconciliation and Unity (OPAPRU) reported that 16,003 applications were received as of the March 13 deadline. The majority – 13,633 – were from members of the Communist Party of the Philippines-Modern People’s Army-National Democratic Front (CPP-NPA-NDF).
Significant numbers similarly came from the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) with 1,240 applicants, the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) with 646, and the Kapatiran – formerly known as the Rebolusyonaryong Partido ng Manggagawa–Pilipinas/Revolutionary Proletarian Army–Alex Boncayao Brigade (RPM-P/RPA-ABB) – with 484.
Regional Shifts in Applications
OPAPRU Secretary Carlito Galvez Jr. Described the high volume of applications as a “turning point” in the country’s internal conflicts. He noted a geographic shift, with regions previously considered rebel strongholds now showing significant participation in the amnesty program.
In Luzon, Isabela recorded the highest number of applications at 1,457, followed by Quezon Province (1,064) and Albay (852). Catbalogan in the Visayas saw the largest surge with 1,912 applications. Mindanao showed a diverse range of applicants, with Butuan (1,393) and Cagayan de Oro (1,289) leading the way.
In the Bangsamoro region, Sulu showed a high proportion of MNLF applicants, with 311 of 334 applicants identifying as members of that group.
What’s Next?
The OPAPRU stated that the next step involves processing the applications. Those granted amnesty are expected to receive livelihood assistance, educational opportunities, and other socioeconomic support. The amnesty period could be extended, as a proposal to extend the deadline to 2028 is currently awaiting approval from President Marcos.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the purpose of the amnesty program?
The amnesty initiative aims to complement existing peace agreements and Transformation Programs, particularly in conflict-affected areas in Mindanao and rural Luzon, and serves as a cornerstone of the Marcos administration’s peace agenda.
When did the amnesty program begin?
The NAC started accepting amnesty applications on March 4, 2024.
Are there different deadlines for different groups?
Yes, members of the RPMP-RPA-ABB, MILF, and MNLF may file applications until March 4, 2026, while former members of the CPP-NPA-NDF or their front organizations may file until March 13, 2026.
As the government processes these applications, will this initiative truly lead to lasting peace and stability for former combatants and their communities?
