Mpox Alert in Porto Alegre: Carnival Celebrations Under Scrutiny
Health officials in Porto Alegre, Brazil, have confirmed the first case of mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) in 2026, prompting a public health alert as Carnival festivities approach. The confirmed case, a resident of Porto Alegre who contracted the illness outside of Rio Grande do Sul, has triggered a renewed focus on preventative measures to curb potential spread during the large public gatherings associated with Carnival.
Understanding the Mpox Threat
Mpox is a viral infection that causes skin eruptions and can be transmitted through close contact with infected individuals. Transmission occurs via contact with skin lesions, bodily fluids like saliva, and potentially through prolonged close respiratory contact. The disease, caused by the MPXV virus, is related to the virus that causes smallpox.
Carnival and Increased Risk
The timing of this confirmed case is particularly concerning given the upcoming Carnival celebrations. Carnival involves large crowds and close physical proximity, creating conditions that could facilitate the spread of mpox. The municipal health department is urging revelers to accept precautions.
Symptoms to Watch For
Individuals planning to participate in Carnival are advised to examine their skin for any unusual eruptions, blisters, or sores, particularly in the genital area, mouth, hands, and feet. Key symptoms of mpox include fever, headache, muscle aches, weakness, and swollen lymph nodes. If any of these symptoms are present, seeking medical attention is crucial.
Preventative Measures: Staying Safe During Carnival
Health officials are emphasizing several key preventative measures:
- Avoid Close Contact: Limit close, prolonged physical contact with individuals exhibiting suspicious skin lesions.
- Hand Hygiene: Frequent use of 70% alcohol-based hand sanitizer is recommended, especially after touching public surfaces or interacting with others.
- Avoid Sharing Personal Items: Do not share drinks, utensils, cigarettes, clothing, or towels.
- Mask Usage: Consider wearing a mask in remarkably crowded settings.
Those experiencing symptoms are strongly advised to avoid attending Carnival events and to refrain from close or intimate contact with others.
Past Trends and Current Situation
Porto Alegre recorded 11 confirmed cases of mpox in 2025. Nationally, 43 cases were confirmed in the state of São Paulo in January 2026, distributed across several cities. The global mpox outbreak of 2024 led the World Health Organization to declare a Public Health Emergency of International Concern, though that status was lifted in September 2025 following a decline in global infections.
Transmission Details
The virus can spread through direct contact with a person infected through pus or blood from skin lesions. It can also be transmitted via saliva, particularly if You’ll see sores in the mouth. Transmission through respiratory droplets requires close and prolonged contact.
FAQ: Mpox and Carnival
Q: What should I do if I think I have mpox?
A: Seek medical attention immediately, wear a mask, and cover any lesions.
Q: Is mpox a serious illness?
A: Even as most cases are mild, mpox can cause severe illness, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems.
Q: Can mpox be spread through casual contact?
A: Prolonged, close contact is generally required for transmission.
Q: Is there a vaccine for mpox?
A: Information regarding vaccine availability is not provided in the source documents.
Q: Can I still enjoy Carnival if I’m concerned about mpox?
A: Yes, by following the preventative measures outlined by health officials.
Did you know? Mpox was first discovered in 1958 during research on monkeys in Denmark, though humans are the primary carriers.
Pro Tip: Regularly checking your skin for any unusual changes is a simple yet effective way to stay vigilant.
Stay informed about the latest updates on mpox and Carnival safety guidelines by visiting the Porto Alegre municipal health department website and following official health announcements.
Want to learn more about protecting your health during public events? Explore our articles on infectious disease prevention and travel health tips.
