Racism in Germany: A Persistent Challenge Despite Declining Trends
Recent surveys reveal a complex picture of racism and discrimination in Germany. While there’s a slight decrease compared to previous years, xenophobic views remain widespread, impacting millions of people. A study commissioned by the German Center for Integration and Migration Research (DeZIM) surveyed 8,200 individuals between October 2025 and January 2026, uncovering deeply ingrained prejudices.
The Persistence of Prejudice
The DeZIM survey found that a quarter of respondents believe in the existence of racial differences – a concept repeatedly debunked by science. Nearly half believe certain groups are inherently more hardworking than others, and two-thirds think some cultures are “more progressive and better” than others. These attitudes cut across all demographics, highlighting the pervasive nature of the problem.
This isn’t simply a matter of abstract beliefs. Ferda Ataman, Germany’s federal anti-discrimination commissioner, shared a recent case involving a Black woman whose stroller was searched in a supermarket without justification, based solely on a recent theft by someone perceived to be of a similar background. This illustrates the daily reality of discrimination faced by many.
Beyond Overt Racism: The Rise of “Modern Racism”
Sociologist Tae Jun Kim, co-author of the DeZIM study and affiliated with the National Discrimination and Racism Monitor, notes a shift in how racist views are expressed. “Modern racism is often just a more polite way of justifying existing hierarchies and subordination among groups,” he explains. This subtle form of prejudice can be harder to identify and address, but is equally damaging.
The Scale of Discrimination: 9 Million Affected
The extent of discrimination is significant. A separate study by the Center for Integration and Migration Research, using data from the Socio-Economic Panel of 2022 (a survey of approximately 30,000 people), revealed that around 9 million people in Germany have experienced unfair treatment due to their appearance or background. This includes discrimination at work, school, while seeking housing, and even during everyday activities like shopping.
Legal Protections and Remaining Gaps
Germany’s General Equal Treatment Act (AGG), in force for 20 years, prohibits discrimination based on several characteristics. However, more than half of those who experience discrimination do not take any action. Around 30% confront the perpetrator directly, but only 3% pursue legal recourse. This suggests a lack of faith in the system or fear of repercussions.
The most common reason cited for discrimination is ethnic heritage or race (42%), followed by gender (24%, primarily affecting women). Age, religious orientation, and illness are also contributing factors.
Looking Ahead: Strengthening Protections and Addressing Root Causes
Ataman advocates for expanding the AGG to include nationality as a protected characteristic. She also emphasizes that Germany lags behind countries like Belgium and those in Scandinavia in providing comprehensive support to victims of discrimination. While authorities in Belgium offer legal protection, Ataman’s agency is limited to providing advice.
Did you know? Despite legal protections, a significant portion of those experiencing discrimination in Germany do not report it or take action, highlighting the need for greater awareness and accessible support systems.
FAQ
Q: Is racism actually declining in Germany?
A: While recent surveys show a slight decline compared to previous years, racist views remain widespread and deeply ingrained in society.
Q: What is the role of DeZIM in addressing racism?
A: The German Center for Integration and Migration Research (DeZIM) conducts research on migration, integration, and discrimination, providing data and analysis to inform policy and public understanding.
Q: What can be done to combat discrimination in Germany?
A: Strengthening legal protections, increasing awareness, providing accessible support to victims, and addressing the root causes of prejudice are all crucial steps.
Q: What is “modern racism”?
A: It refers to more subtle and indirect expressions of prejudice that justify existing social hierarchies.
Pro Tip: If you experience discrimination, document the incident and seek support from organizations like the Federal Anti-Discrimination Agency.
Reader Question: What resources are available for individuals who have experienced discrimination?
The Federal Anti-Discrimination Agency (ADS) offers advice and support. You can find more information on their website: https://www.antidiskriminierungsstelle.de/EN/about-discrimination/order-and-law/general-equal-treatment-act/general-equal-treatment-act-node.html
Explore further: Learn more about the work of DeZIM at https://www.dezim-institut.de/en/
