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Kaïs Saied, the tunisian president elected last October, is the first head of State received in Paris since the déconfinement. He will meet with Emmanuel Macron on Monday 22 June, for a visit of work and friendship, ” says the presidency of tunisia.
→ EXPLANATION. Kais Saied, a president, a revolutionary and a conservative for Tunisia
The war in Libya will be at the heart of discussions between the two heads of State. “Kaïs Saied will reaffirm the neutrality of Tunisia, a position of historic Tunis – which calls for a political solution to libo-libya “, explains the political analyst Selim Kharrat, head of the NGO Al-Bawsala (the compass) of expertise of the democratic life. And therefore urge France to work for peace while Paris supports the camp of the marshal Haftar, alongside the united arab Emirates, Egypt and Russia, to the detriment of the government in Tripoli, supported by Turkey.
“But it is a neutrality of colander ! “, “says the political scientist Youssef Cherif. “If he doesn’t want to be too pro-Turkish, Kaïs Saied may not be in the anti-Turkish “, relève-t-il. Tunisia, particularly exposed to conflict, and historically very close to its larger neighbour of libya, must be flexible with Libya to the west.
“Tunisia is in a very uncomfortable situation vis-à-vis Turkey, the first country with which it has a trade deficit, adds Kamel Jendoubi, the former president of the independent high authority for the elections. Convoys in transit by Tunisia, of the facilities have been granted to Turkey. End up, de facto, an alignment on the axis Ankara-Doha. “
As Kaïs Saied is still seeking to establish itself as head of diplomacy. Considered as a novice in politics, he is constantly competed on the international stage by Rached Ghannouchi, the leader of the islamist party Ennahda, president of the assembly of the representatives of the people, and very close to the Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdogan. Which had made an impromptu visit to Tunis last December.
“Ghannouchi continued what he called his “diplomacy of the people,” without consultation with the presidency or the ministry of foreign affairs, but the dispute is more on the competition between the men “says Kamel Jendoubi.
Paris who lives a true weapon with Turkey also saw a great period of cold, with Tunis, in spite of the fact that France is the main trading partner of Tunisia, where operate 1 500 French firms employing 150 000 Tunisians. “Kaïs Saied, elected by a public, non-francophile is deemed to be very little pro-French “, reminds Youssef Cherif. Tunisia is no longer represented in France for over six months, since the double sacking of the ambassador Abdelaziz Rassâa and consul general Ali Chaalali in November and December of last year, in the wake of the election of Kaïs Saied.
→ ANALYSIS. Paris and Ankara to the brink of confrontation
It is in this tense context that the deputies of tunisians have discussed the matter on June 9, the last of the motion – not adopted – to demand an apology from France for all the crimes committed “during and after colonization “. Many observers see, in the fact to stir up this topic on the public square, the action of Ennahda, which would have pushed beneath the surface of the text defended by the party, salafist al-Karama, and then better allocate its rejection by voting no.
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The singer did not cancel the online concert.
Singer Tatyana Bulanova said that she already feels rather well and is going to give an online concert on May 24.
According to the singer, she is doing well and she feels “normal”.
“I just caught a cold,” she explained, adding that the concert had to be postponed until May 24th.
The concert of Bulanova on the Stay platform in karaoke format was originally planned for May 10. The format will allow viewers to see the lyrics on the screen and sing along to them. In addition, during the concert, the artist can ask questions.
Earlier it was reported that Tatyana Bulanova, who was in the hospital in a pre-stroke state and only recently discharged, again went down, this time with symptoms of SARS.
At the same time, the star of the 90s reported that she was being treated at home and hoped for a speedy recovery. She also added that she has not yet passed the coronavirus test, but is ready to do so “if the need arises.”
It is known that two days before her hospitalization, the singer said that in self-isolation she had run out of livelihood and the family had nothing to live on.
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On the page of the doctor and TV presenter Alexander Myasnikov interesting information about the situation with infectious diseases in the world was published on the social network. And in particular that rotavirus infection causes hundreds of thousands of deaths per year in the world. Is the familiar and familiar rotavirus more dangerous than the coronavirus? “KP»Understands together with the immunologist, expert in public health and international health care, candidate of medical sciences Nikolay Kryuchkov.
– Of course, in addition to COVID-19, there are many other dangerous diseases in the world and these are not necessarily infectious diseases. Let me remind you that mortality from cardiovascular diseases is in the first place, also high mortality is associated with oncological diseases, in particular, lung cancer, and, of course, infectious diseases are also often the cause of death. However, the threat of rotavirus infection today is greatly exaggerated, said Nikolai Kryuchkov.
How many people die from rotavirus?
According to pessimistic estimates provided by the World Health Organization, around the world in 2013, 215 thousand children under the age of five died from rotavirus infection. According to other data obtained in international studies, this is 122 thousand deaths in 2013.
– The situation since 2013 in terms of mortality from rotavirus infection has not changed much. I think here we can talk about 200 thousand deaths per year among children under five years of age. Half of the world’s deaths occur in five countries: India, Pakistan, Nigeria, Angola and Congo– emphasizes the immunologist Nikolai Kryuchkov. – In the media you can often find information that up to a third of deaths of children under five are caused by rotavirus. This is not true! The fact is that among all deaths of children under five years of age in the world, mortality from diarrhea accounts for about 8%, but among these 8% of deaths from diarrhea – from 25% to 30% are attributable to rotavirus. That is, it turns out about 200 thousand deaths of children under five years of age per year in the world, while more than 6 million children under five die in the world per year.
On the page of the doctor and TV presenter Alexander Myasnikov on the social network, interesting information was published on the situation with infectious diseasesPhoto: Ivan PROKHOROV
Is rotavirus disease relevant for Russia?
If you consider Europeyy region to which Russia, then the figures for mortality from diarrhea are lower than in developing countries. Mortality from diarrhea among children under five in Europe is 4% – 5% of all childhood deaths. About a quarter of them are rotavirus.
In Russia, according to WHO estimates, in 2013, 52 children under the age of five died from rotavirus infection, which is 0.3% of all other deaths of children under five years of age. Rotavirus infection is not the most common cause of death among children, and even more so among adults (the latter rarely die from rotavirus, so all statistics are data on the death of children – approx. Ed.).
– Rotavirus is a problem primarily in poor countries with a warm climate. For Russia, this is also a problem, but to a much lesser extent, ”said Nikolai Kryuchkov, a doctor. – It is important to emphasize that effective and safe rotavirus vaccines exist.
The incidence of rotavirus infection after the introduction of vaccination has decreased many times. In Russia, universal vaccination against rotavirus is not carried out, but, despite this, mortality is low, given that it is clear how to help such patients. The main thing here is replenishment of lost fluid and symptomatic therapy. Given these two factors — the availability of a vaccine and the development of affordable treatment — mortality from rotavirus is very low even among children from zero to five years old, not to mention adults. Among adults, these are isolated cases.
Who is worse: rotavirus or coronavirus?
According to epidemiologists, mortality (taking into account the number of deaths from the number of episodes of the disease) of rotavirus infection in the world is from 0.05% to 0.09%. This is comparable to mortality from seasonal flu. Yes, in the poorest countries it can reach up to 2%. However, in this case, only moderate to severe episodes are taken into account, and not all cases of rotavirus infection.
“With coronavirus infection, according to my most optimistic forecasts, the mortality rate in the world will be 2%,” says Nikolay Kryuchkov. – Let me remind you that now the mortality rate from COVID-19 in Russia is about 4%. AT Germany – 3.5%, and this is one of the best examples in Europe. Of course, a lot depends on how the data are kept and analyzed, but even though there are probably unaccounted cases, the mortality from coronavirus infection is much higher than the mortality from rotavirus. And the epidemic of coronavirus infection is still far from over.
“It is also important to understand that we are having a coronavirus pandemic, and the situation with rotavirus is under control.” The number of deaths from coronavirus is now growing, due to the fact that there is an increase in cases of infection. The daily increase in new cases of coronavirus infection in the world is more than 5%, and in Russia today it is more than 8%. Therefore, it is obvious that the situation with rotavirus is stable, and the coronavirus pandemic for us is not known how it will end. The coronavirus infection pandemic continues to grow, it is important to understand this, ”Nikolay Kryuchkov emphasized in a conversation with“ KP ”. – When we talk about the number of deaths from rotavirus, 200 thousand people a year around the world among children under five years of age are deaths that happened in a year! As we know, the coronavirus epidemic lasts about four months. This is significantly less than a year.
The daily increase in new cases of coronavirus infection in the world is more than 5%, and in Russia today it is more than 8%Photo: Ivan MAKEEV
How many deaths from coronavirus infection will be in a year (given that, according to the data of May 3, 243,922 people died in the world – approx. Ed.)? Yes, there are other dangerous infections in the world, but many of them can be protected. This is Hepatitis B, and pneumococcal infection, tetanus, and so on. And Dr. Myasnikov rightly points out the need for widespread vaccination against the most dangerous and common infections. Unfortunately, there are no vaccines from COVID-19 yet, they will be ready by the spring of next year at best.
Also, an important difference between the course of rotavirus infection and coronavirus infection: hospitalization with rotavirus disease in developed countries is very rare. All necessary treatment conditions can be provided at home. With coronavirus, the patient often needs active therapy, which can only be provided in a specialized medical institution.
SPECIFICALLY
Dr. Myasnikov gives such statistics on mortality from infections (in the world for a year)
Measles (there is a vaccine) – 140 thousand deaths per year
Pneumococcus (there is a vaccine) – 2 -2.5 million deaths per year
Hepatitis B (there is a vaccine) – 650 thousand deaths per year
Tetanus (there is a vaccine) – 89 thousand deaths per year
Cervical cancer (there is a vaccine) – 250 thousand deaths per year
Tuberculosis (there is a vaccine) – 1.5 million deaths per year
Influenza (there is a vaccine) – 650 thousand-1 million deaths per year
Coronavirus (no vaccine) – 244 thousand deaths from the beginning of the spread
Coronavirus: myths and reality.The farther the coronavirus, the more truth and speculation around it. We tried to deal with the main myths about the Covid-19 pandemic
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Virologist Vitaliy Zverev: the coronavirus is now with us forever. Like the flu or the common cold
Academician of RAS, Head Vitaliy Zverev, Chair of Microbiology, Virology, Immunology, Sechenov University, commented on why the coronavirus should not be afraid (details)
Is it possible to get sick with coronavirus twice, is it transmitted through water, and how do you understand that you are asymptomatic?
We collected the most common questions of Russians and asked them to leading scientists (details)
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Coronavirus infection can be manifested not only by coughing, fever and shortness of breath, but also by dermatological symptoms, and scientists are not the first to talk about this.
Recently, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has expanded the “official” list of symptoms of coronavirus, including skin problems. The scientists called the variety of symptoms a sign that the new coronavirus has wide variability, unpredictability in its ability to affect individual patients.
“If any of the following 5 warning signs appears on your skin, it could mean that you are in danger,” said Dr. Ebbing Lautenbach of the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania.
Together with colleagues, the scientist identified a number of deratological signs of possible infection:
According to scientists, patients with coronavirus infection who experienced skin problems were described as unusual – discomfort was extremely strong, painful. For example, their skin sensitivity was so aggravated that the pain arose due to contacts with the most harmless things, for example, when covering a sheet. Also, the patients experienced symptoms similar to electric shock, burns.
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MAccording to Berlin-based virologist Christian Drosten, mild or symptom-free corona courses could be related to previous infections with cold coronaviruses. Referring to a study by a Charité colleague, the scientist confirmed on Friday in the NDR podcast that there seems to be a certain background immunity in the population. Drosten’s team was involved in the study of so-called T helper cells, which are central to the immune response.
When examining defense cells in pre-pandemic samples, the researchers had seen that 34 percent of the patients had reactive T cells that recognized certain parts of the new corona virus, so to speak. So-called reactivity can be expected when the disease is behind – however, these patients have had no contact with Sars-CoV-2, according to Drosten. The fact that there were still reactive T cells could be due to infections with human cold coronaviruses.
Drosten spoke of the first such observation worldwide, but also warned against over-interpreting the results. Under no circumstances should one conclude that a third of the population is immune. Further explanations for mild or asymptomatic courses are also that the affected people got fewer viruses in the beginning or are in better shape overall.
When discussing the Robert Koch Institute’s (RKI) estimates of the number of reproductions after the lockdown, Drosten said – among other arguments – that he also assumed that the statistics would be distorted. He therefore asked a group to calculate a model taking into account other effects.
Drosten emphasized that test capacities had already been increased very strongly in March – while the number of infections also increased in real terms: 87,000 tests were carried out in the week from March 2, 127,000 the following week and 348,000 the following week. After that, however, they remained about the same. That the lockdown was useless or was not necessary is a wrong view.
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They drooled. Sweat. Coughed. Sometimes kept a log of their symptoms. They managed their fear or considered making a will. But they survived. With or without antibiotics. With or without the famous chloroquine of which the Marseille professor Didier Raoult extols the merits. “98% of people recover”, recalls Jérôme Salomon, the director general of health who, since March 17, gives every day the number of Covid-19 patients discharged from the hospital, while comforting the litany of deaths (Wednesday evening, there were nearly 31 000 “cured” discharged from hospital). With data from the hospital environment, “We must add the probable tens of thousands of cured people in town“, Underlines the general direction of health.
Are these survivors now immune? If yes, for how long? The question remains thorny (read page 6-7). Have they all been really infected with the virus? If some have been tested, many have had to rely on a diag
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With the arrival of spring, birch pollens are present everywhere in France. And, in the midst of a coronavirus pandemic, allergy sufferers fear that they will not recognize the symptoms of Covid-19. It is therefore important to distinguish the two pathologies to allow the persons concerned to take the appropriate measures.
With very sunny weather all over the country and temperatures well above seasonal norms, pollen concentrations, particularly of birch, explode. No department of the territory is spared and many are allergic who suffer from rhinitis, conjunctivitis and even coughing and wheezing for asthmatics. These symptoms can be confused with those of the Covid-19 coronavirus.
If respiratory problems occur in people who know they are allergic, it is important that they assess the nature of their symptoms and only think of Covid-19 coronavirus if these signs are different from those usually experienced. To disentangle the true from the false, it is necessary call your doctor (general practitioner, pulmonologist, pediatrician) or call the Samu (15), without going to the emergency room.
The association “Ashtme et Allergie” specifies that in the case of an attack by the coronavirus, there is a fever, a dry cough, a great tiredness, headaches, aches, which is not generally not the case for a pollen allergy. The other differentiator may be the unusual and different character of the cough compared to previous years.
For asthma controlled by a background treatment (Becotide, Flixotide, Flixovate, Seretide, Relvar, etc.), you should not reduce or stop taking it because a viral infection can put you at risk of an acute asthma attack which can be fatal. If an asthma attack occurs, the SPLF (French Pneumology Society) specifies that corticosteroid use should not be delayed, even with suspicion or confirmation of infection by Covid 19.
As people with severe asthma are at risk, they can benefit from a work stopping without going through their employer or their treating physician, to avoid having to go out during confinement.
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Atomic bomb tests conducted during the Cold War have helped scientists for the first time to correctly determine the age of whale sharks, the largest fish in the world. The discovery, published in the magazine « Frontiers in Marine Science», Will help guarantee the survival of the species, which is in danger of extinction.
Measure the age of the whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) has always been a challenge for scientists. Like all sharks and rays, they lack bony structures called otoliths that are used to assess their age, as is the case with other species. The vertebrae of whale shark They have bands similar to the rings of a tree trunk, and are known to increase in number as the animal ages. However, there is a discrepancy in how often they increase, as some studies claim that a new one is created every year and others support the theory that they form every six months.
To resolve this question, researchers led by Joyce Ong, from Rutgers University in New Jersey (USA); Steven bell from the University of Iceland; and Mark Meekan, from the Australian Institute of Marine Sciences in Perth, Australia, used the radioactivity inherited from the Cold War nuclear arms race as a reference standard.
During the 1950s and 1960s, United States, the Soviet Union, Great Britain, France and China conducted nuclear weapons tests. Many of these were explosions detonated several kilometers into the air. As a result, an atmosphere isotope called Carbon-14, a natural radioactive element known to help archaeologists and historians to dating bones and ancient artifacts. Its decomposition rate is constant and easy to measure, making it ideal for providing age estimates for any rest over 300 years old.
But it is also a by-product of nuclear explosions. Cold War evidence saturated the air first and then the oceans. The isotope gradually moved through food webs to all living things on the planet, producing a high signature of Carbon-14 that still persists. This additional radioisotope it also decays at a constant rate, which means that the amount contained in the bone provides a reliable reference over time.
Using bomb radiocarbon data, the team set out to test carbon-14 levels in the growth rings of two long-dead whale sharks stored in Pakistan and Taiwan. “We discovered that a growth ring every yearMeekan says. “This is very important, because if you overestimate or underestimate growth rates, you will inevitably end up with a management strategy that does not work, and you will see the population collapse.” That is, knowing the exact age of the whale sharks it provides information that can then be applied to recovery programs for this species effectively.
One of the specimens was conclusively established at age 50 at the time of death, the first time that age has been unambiguously verified. “Previous modeling studies have suggested that largest whale sharks can live up to 100 years. However, although our understanding of the movements, behavior, connectivity, and distribution of whale sharks have dramatically improved in the past 10 years, basic features of life history such as age, longevity, and mortality remain. largely unknown, ”says Meekan.
“Our study shows that adult sharks can reach a great age and that their long life is possibly a characteristic of the species. Now we have another piece of the puzzle, “he concludes.
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Cough, runny nose, fever: is it a flu or a cold? How to tell the difference and when it is better to see a doctor.
Again and again waves of disease go through Germany. But how do you know if you have the flu or just a normal cold? This is not so easy to estimate at first. Because the symptoms of the two diseases are very similar. Cough, sore throat, headache and runny nose – all of this occurs with both the flu and the common cold.
However, there are differences. The first difference is the pathogen. Because the “real flu” is triggered by the influenza virus. You can get vaccinated against him. The cause of a cold is not so easy to determine. Because colds are triggered by over 100 different pathogens – these are also mostly viruses.
The flu and cold also differ in the course of the disease. A cold usually announces itself. It begins insidiously. First the throat scratches a little, then you get hoarse. Finally there is a runny nose and cough. Usually a day or two of bed rest is enough and the worst is over with a cold. After about a week, all symptoms should be gone.
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However, flu suddenly breaks out. Those who have only felt fit complain of headache and body aches or get a fever. Cough, hoarseness and runny nose also occur. In contrast to the common cold, in which the temperature is often only slightly increased, the fever of a flu can also rise above 38.5 degrees Celsius. The disease also lasts significantly longer. It can happen that you lie sick in bed for five to seven days before you feel better.
To be on the safe side, people with a weak immune system, children and seniors, should see a doctor. He can use a test to find out what is causing the disease.
And what helps against flu and cold? In both cases, home remedies for the symptoms of the disease can help. For example, honey alleviates cough and hoarseness, sage is good for sore throats and inhaling over hot water vapor helps against blocked airways. You can also actively contribute to recovery with other home remedies.
If the signs of the disease do not improve, however, it is advisable to see a doctor. Because a cold can also lead to a more serious illness, such as pneumonia. In this overview you will find all important information about the flu wave 2016 summarized again. (hhc, with dpa)
Editor’s note: This article is a contribution from our online archive.
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