la libertad

Criminality in Peruvian Agriculture: Trends and Future Challenges

The specter of violence casts a long shadow over Peruvian agriculture. Recent events, including the rise in criminal activity targeting agricultural projects, highlight a critical need for action. This article delves into the current situation, future trends, and potential solutions, drawing from the insights of industry leaders like Gabriel Amaro, President of the Association of Agricultural Producers of Peru (AGAP), as shared with *Gestión*.

The Growing Threat: Criminal Tactics and Affected Regions

Criminal elements are increasingly targeting agricultural projects. Extortion, armed robbery, and the theft of essential materials like pesticides and machinery are becoming alarmingly common. This isn’t limited to one area; it’s a widespread problem. Key regions feeling the impact include La Libertad (particularly the Chavimochic project), Ica, Chincha, Huaral, Cañete, Áncash, Lambayeque (including the Olmos project), and Piura. These areas are crucial for agricultural production, and the ongoing threats are severely impacting productivity and investment.

The Chavimochic Project: A Case Study

The Chavimochic Special Project (Pech), a major irrigation system in La Libertad, provides water to over 78,000 hectares of farmland. But the project is now a target. Buses carrying thousands of workers to and from the fields are vulnerable, and the attacks go beyond property damage, endangering the lives of the laborers.

This mirrors a larger pattern, as Amaro points out, with criminal gangs operating with a level of impunity that resembles the challenges faced in the mining sector, particularly in the region of Pataz. This is leading to a concerning trend: a potential ‘contagion’ of lawlessness where criminal groups gain control, creating zones where the rule of law is effectively absent.

Impact on Businesses: Small and Large

The criminal activity doesn’t discriminate. Both small and large agricultural businesses are vulnerable. Small businesses risk closure due to extortion, while larger companies face threats, increased security costs, and the pressure of maintaining their operations. This includes the challenge of protecting the workforce, as these companies are often responsible for maintaining jobs and benefits.

As a result, some companies are reducing the areas they cultivate, leading to a decline in the production of export crops such as citrus fruits, asparagus, and bananas. This results in an increase in informal practices, contributing to over 90% informality in some sectors—a substantial increase from before 2020.

The Employment Factor: Jobs at Risk

A critical aspect of this crisis is its impact on employment. Rural areas are major centers for job creation in Peru’s agricultural sector. AGAP emphasizes the need for a differentiated security approach in these areas, where significant formal employment exists. The CIEN-ADEX (Center for Research in Global Economy and Business of the Association of Exporters) reported that agricultural employment reached 519,125 jobs in 2024. Protecting these jobs is vital. However, the ongoing violence threatens these figures, making it harder to maintain and expand employment opportunities.

Did you know? Agriculture is a significant contributor to Peru’s GDP and a major source of employment, especially in rural regions. Protecting the sector’s stability directly impacts the national economy.

Investor Confidence: The Climate for Business

Another significant consequence of the rising crime is the erosion of investor confidence. Businesses are hesitant to invest in areas where security is a concern. Investors are looking for stability and legal certainty, and the current situation is undermining these foundations. This includes the increased costs of insurance and credit, reflecting the higher risks involved.

The president of Peru faces a crucial challenge. She needs to demonstrate leadership and create an effective strategy in collaboration with legal, security, and governmental entities. This will reassure investors and secure the future of the agricultural sector.

Future Trends and Potential Solutions

The situation demands immediate action. Collaboration between the public and private sectors is vital. Companies are already implementing security measures, and coordinating with police, although these measures are often insufficient. This isn’t just about beefing up security; it is about addressing the root causes of the issue.

Pro Tip: Stronger collaboration between agricultural businesses, local authorities, and the government can help to create safer environments and protect investments.

1. Strengthening Law Enforcement and the Judiciary

More resources for police and the judiciary are critical. They need more personnel, training, and equipment to effectively combat organized crime in rural areas. Swift and just legal processes must be implemented to deter criminals.

2. Community Engagement and Prevention

Engaging local communities in crime prevention is crucial. This includes educational programs, job creation initiatives, and initiatives to build trust between the community and law enforcement. This helps to combat the underlying problems that allow crime to thrive.

3. Improved Economic Opportunities

Improving access to credit, technical assistance, and markets for small farmers and agricultural businesses can promote growth, providing a good alternative to illegal activities. Diversifying crops can reduce risks associated with focusing on one crop.

FAQ

How is the agricultural sector being affected by criminal activity in Peru?

The agricultural sector is experiencing extortion, armed robbery, and the theft of machinery and supplies. This affects productivity, investment, and employment.

What areas are most affected?

Regions like La Libertad, Ica, Chincha, and others are suffering from criminal activity.

What steps are being taken to solve the problem?

Businesses are increasing their security, but they need increased collaboration with authorities to implement effective solutions.

The challenges facing Peruvian agriculture are complex and deeply rooted, but they aren’t insurmountable. By addressing the root causes of crime, collaborating across sectors, and strengthening the rule of law, Peru can safeguard its agricultural sector, protect jobs, and ensure its future growth.

Want to learn more? Share your thoughts in the comments below. What steps do you think are most critical for ensuring the security of Peruvian agriculture? Subscribe to our newsletter for regular updates on the industry.