Russia and Laos signed a framework intergovernmental agreement in Moscow on Monday to cooperate on the peaceful use of nuclear energy, a move that authorizes preliminary discussions regarding the construction of a Russian-designed nuclear power plant. The agreement was finalized by Rosatom Director General Alexey Likhachev and Lao Minister of Industry and Commerce Malaithong Kommasith, with Russian Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin and Lao Prime Minister Sonexay Siphandone in attendance.
What does the agreement mean for Laos’ energy infrastructure?
The agreement establishes the legal framework required for the two nations to evaluate potential nuclear energy projects. According to Rosatom, the immediate next step is a preliminary feasibility study to determine if nuclear power can be integrated into the Lao national electricity grid. This study will identify potential construction sites and the optimal configuration for a power plant. The findings will serve as the basis for the Lao government to decide whether to officially launch a national nuclear energy program.
Rosatom, Russia’s state-owned nuclear corporation, manages both traditional land-based reactors and floating small modular reactor (SMR) technology, which are increasingly marketed as solutions for developing energy grids in Southeast Asia.
How does this compare to other Russian nuclear projects in the region?
This agreement follows an active period of nuclear diplomacy by Moscow in Southeast Asia. In March 2025, Russia signed an agreement with Myanmar to develop a small modular nuclear power plant utilizing RITM reactor technology. Additionally, on March 23, 2025, Russia and Vietnam signed an intergovernmental agreement for the construction of the Ninh Thuan 1 nuclear power plant. While the Vietnam project is slated to use Generation III+ VVER-1200 reactor technology, the Laos feasibility study remains in its infancy, highlighting a tiered approach to regional energy expansion.
Why is Southeast Asia looking at nuclear power?
Rosatom asserts that nuclear energy projects provide long-term energy security, industrial development, and job creation. By diversifying the energy mix, nations like Laos and Myanmar aim to reduce reliance on traditional power sources. These projects also include provisions for workforce training, which Rosatom identifies as a key component of their regional strategy to improve the technical capabilities of local energy sectors.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is a nuclear power plant definitely being built in Laos?
No. The current agreement only allows for a feasibility study. The Lao government will use the results of that study to decide if they want to move forward with a nuclear energy program.
What technology might be used?
While no specific reactor has been selected, Rosatom has stated it possesses both floating and land-based small modular reactor (SMR) technologies, which are often considered for nations with smaller or developing electricity grids.
Who signed the agreement?
Rosatom Director General Alexey Likhachev and Lao Minister of Industry and Commerce Malaithong Kommasith signed the document in the presence of the Russian and Lao Prime Ministers.
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