The Rising Tide of Allergies: What to Expect in a Changing Climate
Spring’s arrival often brings thoughts of warmer weather and blooming flowers. However, for the 106 million Americans who suffer from allergies and/or asthma, it signals the start of a challenging season. This year, experts predict a particularly intense allergy season, driven by climate change and its impact on pollen production.
Climate Change: The Unseen Culprit Behind Worsening Allergies
It’s not just a feeling – allergy symptoms are becoming more severe and lasting longer. A 2021 study revealed that North American pollen seasons have extended by an average of 20 days since 1990, primarily due to a warming climate. Warmer temperatures lead to earlier blooming and increased pollen production, creating a longer and more potent allergy season.
Pollen Hotspots: Where Allergies Will Hit Hardest
Pollen counts are already on the rise in the Western and Southern United States. Tree, grass and weed pollen are all contributing to the increase. The Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America (AAFA) has identified specific communities as “Allergy Capitals,” ranking cities based on pollen levels, medication usage, and access to allergists.
2026 Allergy Capitals (Selected Examples)
The AAFA report highlights shifts in allergy hotspots, with more western cities appearing on the list than in previous years. This is attributed to increased pollen spikes, particularly from grass and weeds. (Refer to the AAFA 2026 Allergy Capitals Report for a complete list.)
Understanding How Pollen Affects Your Body
Plants release pollen to reproduce, and these tiny particles easily become airborne. For many, inhaling pollen triggers an immune response. The body mistakenly identifies pollen as a threat, producing antibodies and releasing histamines. These histamines cause the familiar allergy symptoms: runny noses, itchy eyes, and sneezing.
Distinguishing Allergy Symptoms from Colds and COVID-19
It can be tricky to tell the difference between allergy symptoms, a common cold, and COVID-19. (See infographic for a comparison of symptoms.)
Simple Steps to Ease Allergy Symptoms
While avoiding pollen entirely is impossible, several steps can help manage allergy symptoms:
- Check Pollen Counts: Stay informed about local pollen levels through news reports or the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology’s National Allergy Bureau.
- Early Treatment: Medications are often most effective when taken before pollen levels peak. Consult your doctor about the best time to start treatment.
- Air Filtration: Leverage high-efficiency filters in your home’s heating and cooling systems to trap pollen and other allergens.
- Preserve Windows Closed: Minimize pollen entering your home and car by keeping windows shut and using air conditioning.
Looking Ahead: The Future of Allergies
As climate change continues, the trend of longer and more intense allergy seasons is likely to persist. Warmer temperatures are expected to cause an early and strong season with high tree pollen levels moving northward from the South and Ohio Valley, according to AccuWeather’s 2026 U.S. Allergy forecast.
FAQ: Common Allergy Questions
- What causes allergies? Allergies are caused by an overreaction of the immune system to typically harmless substances like pollen.
- Can allergies be cured? Currently, there is no cure for allergies, but symptoms can be effectively managed with medication and lifestyle changes.
- Is climate change making allergies worse? Yes, climate change is extending pollen seasons and increasing pollen production, leading to more severe allergies.
Source: Climate Central, AccuWeather, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, World Health Organization, Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America, USA National Phenology Network and USA TODAY research.
This story was updated to add new information.