Conor McGregor is scheduled to return to the octagon against Max Holloway at UFC 329 this July, marking his first appearance in five years. A report published Thursday by The New York Times alleges that McGregor sought to use performance-enhancing drugs during his recovery from a severe leg injury sustained at UFC 264 in 2021. While his medical team and the UFC maintain the fighter’s recovery process complied with regulatory standards, the disclosure of these efforts has intensified scrutiny regarding the intersection of medical rehabilitation and anti-doping policies in professional combat sports.
Did McGregor use performance-enhancing drugs?
According to The New York Times, records indicate that McGregor’s camp requested a special exemption to use performance-enhancing substances while he recovered from a broken tibia and fibula. Dr. Neal ElAttrache, the surgeon who operated on McGregor in 2021, confirmed he wrote a letter supporting this application. ElAttrache stated to The Times that he did not prescribe steroids or hormone treatments himself, but argued that certain “banned drugs” have legitimate therapeutic uses for healing severe fractures. However, the exemption was not granted by the United States Anti-Doping Agency (USADA), which served as the UFC’s testing partner at the time.
Did you know? During his hiatus from the USADA testing pool, McGregor’s physical transformation—often displayed on social media and in the film Road House—led several UFC veterans, including Justin Gaethje and Matt Brown, to publicly question his adherence to clean-sport protocols.
How did the UFC and USADA relationship deteriorate?
The friction regarding McGregor’s status was a primary factor in the dissolution of the partnership between the UFC and USADA. In late 2023, UFC CEO Dana White publicly criticized the six-month testing requirement mandated by USADA for returning athletes. Travis Tygart, the CEO of USADA, later told MMA Fighting that disputes over the handling of McGregor’s situation contributed to the organizations parting ways. Following the split, the UFC established a new testing regime, though reports from The Times suggest that internal reviews found evidence of McGregor using banned substances during his time outside the testing pool.

What are the medical arguments for and against TUEs?
The controversy highlights a divide between surgical necessity and anti-doping regulations. Dr. ElAttrache defended his support for an exemption by stating that “banned drugs” are not synonymous with “illegal drugs” and that Therapeutic Use Exemptions (TUEs) exist to treat specific medical conditions. In contrast, Dr. David Gerrard, a former committee chairman for the World Anti-Doping Agency, told The Times that he has never encountered a case where a performance-enhancing drug was scientifically proven to aid in the healing of a broken bone. This fundamental disagreement on the efficacy of such substances for recovery remains a point of contention among sports medicine experts.
Pro Tip: To stay updated on the latest developments regarding athlete health and anti-doping regulations, monitor official announcements from the World Anti-Doping Agency and UFC.com for changes to testing policies.
Frequently Asked Questions
- Why did McGregor leave the USADA testing pool? McGregor’s manager, Audie Attar, stated that the withdrawal was necessary to allow the fighter to focus entirely on his recovery from a life-altering leg injury.
- Is Conor McGregor currently suspended? Following a series of missed tests and a failure to provide samples, Combat Sports Anti-Doping issued an 18-month suspension to McGregor in October 2024, retroactive to September 2024.
- Did ElAttrache prescribe steroids to McGregor? No. ElAttrache explicitly told The Times that he did not prescribe hormone or steroid treatments to the fighter.
How do you think the evolution of sports medicine should change how we view anti-doping exemptions in the future? Share your thoughts in the comments below or subscribe to our newsletter for deep dives into the business of combat sports.






