Libya’s Trachoma Victory: A Turning Point in the Fight Against Neglected Tropical Diseases
Libya has officially eliminated trachoma as a public health problem, marking a significant milestone in the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Eastern Mediterranean Region. This achievement, announced on February 18, 2026, demonstrates that progress against neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) is achievable even amidst complex challenges.
What is Trachoma and Why Does Elimination Matter?
Trachoma, caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis, is a highly contagious eye infection spread through contact with infected eye discharge via hands, clothing, or flies. Repeated infections can lead to trichiasis – a painful condition where eyelashes grow inward, scratching the eyeball – and blindness. For over a century, trachoma was documented in Libya, particularly affecting communities in the south.
Eliminating trachoma isn’t just about preventing blindness; it’s about improving quality of life and reducing the burden on healthcare systems. The WHO estimates that globally, NTDs affect one billion people, predominantly in impoverished communities with limited access to basic sanitation.
Libya’s Path to Elimination: A Multi-pronged Approach
Libya’s success story highlights the importance of a comprehensive strategy. The Ministry of Health prioritized trachoma elimination in 2017, receiving technical and operational support from the WHO, Sightsavers, the International Trachoma Initiative, and Tropical Data. Key components of the program included:
- Surveillance: New surveys conducted in 2022 across six southern districts identified areas where trachoma persisted.
- Surgical Care: A trichiasis surgery campaign was implemented in Wadi Al Hayaa/Ghat after surveys revealed prevalence rates above WHO thresholds. A follow-up survey in 2025 confirmed the success of this intervention.
- Capacity Building: Investing in training and resources for eye health workers was crucial.
- Partnerships: Collaboration between national and international stakeholders amplified the impact of the program.
Remarkably, this progress was achieved despite years of political instability, strained health services, and humanitarian challenges within the country.
A Regional Trend: The Eastern Mediterranean Region Gains Momentum
Libya is now the 28th country worldwide and the 8th in the Eastern Mediterranean Region to eliminate trachoma. This regional momentum is fueled by strong coordination and a shared commitment to tackling NTDs. Dr. Hanan Balkhy, WHO Regional Director for the Eastern Mediterranean, emphasized Libya’s perseverance “during periods of great challenge.”
The Broader Context: WHO’s Roadmap for Neglected Tropical Diseases
The WHO launched the GET2020 initiative in 1996, aiming for global trachoma elimination by 2020. While that target wasn’t fully met, the program continues to drive progress. The current roadmap for neglected tropical diseases, spanning 2021–2030, sets ambitious targets for control, elimination, and eradication of these conditions. In 2025 alone, nine countries achieved validation, verification, or certification for eliminating at least one NTD.
Libya’s achievement demonstrates that even in challenging environments, sustained effort and strategic partnerships can yield significant public health gains.
Did you know?
Trachoma is preventable and treatable with antibiotics and simple surgery to correct trichiasis. Improved access to water and sanitation are also critical for long-term control.
FAQ: Trachoma Elimination
Q: What are neglected tropical diseases?
A: They are a diverse group of 21 conditions that affect one billion people globally, primarily in impoverished tropical areas.
Q: How is trachoma spread?
A: Through contact with infected eye discharge via hands, clothing, or flies.
Q: What are the symptoms of trachoma?
A: Early symptoms include itchy eyes and mild inflammation. Repeated infections can lead to scarring and trichiasis.
Q: Is trachoma still a problem in other parts of the world?
A: Yes, trachoma remains endemic in many vulnerable communities with limited access to water and sanitation.
Q: What role does the WHO play in trachoma elimination?
A: The WHO provides technical and operational support to countries, coordinates global efforts, and monitors progress.
Pro Tip: Supporting organizations like Sightsavers and the International Trachoma Initiative can help accelerate trachoma elimination efforts worldwide.
Learn more about trachoma and the WHO’s operate on the WHO website.
Interested in other global health initiatives? Explore our articles on other neglected tropical diseases and global health security.
