Polio Eradication Gains Momentum with Fresh Vaccine Pre-qualification
The World Health Organization (WHO) recently prequalified a new novel oral polio vaccine type 2 (nOPV2), manufactured by Biological E. Limited (BioE) in India. This expands the global supply of this critical vaccine and strengthens efforts to eradicate polio, particularly addressing outbreaks caused by circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2).
The Challenge of Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus
Although the traditional oral polio vaccine is highly effective, in areas with low immunization coverage, the weakened virus within the vaccine can, in rare cases, mutate and regain the ability to cause paralysis. This results in cVDPV2 outbreaks. The nOPV2 is genetically more stable than the traditional vaccine, significantly reducing this risk while maintaining its ability to interrupt virus transmission.
Expanding Production Capacity: A Key Strategy
This prequalification builds upon previous WHO listings for nOPV2 manufactured by PT Bio Farma in Indonesia. BioE initially filled and packaged the vaccine using materials from PT Bio Farma, but now has the capacity for complete vaccine production. This diversification of manufacturing is crucial for a resilient and reliable vaccine supply, especially during outbreaks.
Did you know? The nOPV2 has already been deployed in numerous outbreak responses, reaching hundreds of millions of children.
Recent Outbreaks and Responses
Papua New Guinea recently confirmed its first human case of polio in an ongoing outbreak, highlighting the continued need for robust vaccination campaigns. Indonesia, however, has successfully announced the closure of its own polio outbreak, demonstrating the effectiveness of the nOPV2 and coordinated response efforts.
Africa’s Endgame Strategy
The rollout of the nOPV2 is a key component of the polio eradication strategy in Africa. The WHO Regional Office for Africa is actively pursuing the endgame, leveraging the new vaccine to address remaining pockets of transmission and prevent future outbreaks.
Emergency Use and Global Collaboration
The nOPV2 is authorized for emergency use in response to type 2 poliovirus outbreaks when deemed necessary by the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) or the WHO. This collaborative effort, involving the WHO, UNICEF, and Rotary International, is vital for coordinating global vaccination campaigns and ensuring equitable access to the vaccine.
Pro Tip:
Maintaining high vaccination coverage is the most effective way to prevent both wild poliovirus and cVDPV2 outbreaks. Community engagement and addressing vaccine hesitancy are essential components of successful immunization programs.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is nOPV2? It’s a novel oral polio vaccine type 2 designed to be genetically more stable than the traditional oral polio vaccine, reducing the risk of outbreaks caused by vaccine-derived poliovirus.
Why is diversifying vaccine production important? It ensures a more resilient and reliable supply of vaccines, particularly during emergencies.
Who manufactures the new nOPV2? Biological E. Limited (BioE) in India, with technology transferred from PT Bio Farma in Indonesia.
Is the nOPV2 safe? The vaccine meets international standards of quality, safety, and efficacy required for global vaccination programs.
Where can I identify more information about polio eradication? Visit the World Health Organization website.
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