Georgia lawmakers walked out of their final legislative session on Friday morning, leaving the state’s voting system in a state of legal and operational limbo just months before the midterm elections. By failing to reach a compromise on how the state counts its votes, the General Assembly has essentially triggered a countdown to a July 1 deadline that could force a chaotic, statewide pivot to hand-marked paper ballots.
The stalemate is not merely a political disagreement but a looming statutory collision. A law passed in 2024 bans the use of barcodes—specifically the QR codes currently used by Dominion Voting machines—to count votes. However, state law still requires counties to use those very machines. With no agreement on a replacement or an extension, Georgia is heading toward a date where its primary method of voting becomes illegal.
The tension centers on the QR codes printed on ballots after a voter makes their selection on a touchscreen. Whereas a human can read the text on the ballot, the scanners read the QR code to tally the vote. Opponents of this system argue that because humans cannot verify the contents of a QR code, the process lacks transparency.
The House attempted to defuse the situation, passing a bipartisan bill 132-39 that would have pushed the deadline to eliminate QR codes back to 2028. This would have given the state more time to reprogram equipment or find a permanent solution. But the Senate let the bill die without a vote, as some members pushed for a more immediate shift to hand-marked paper ballots this year.
The risk of “chosen chaos”
Without a legislative fix, election officials may be forced to rely on the state’s backup system: pre-printed paper ballots that voters fill in by hand with a pen. While this solves the QR code problem, it creates a massive logistical nightmare for a state preparing for a high-stakes election year.
Election directors have warned that transitioning to hand-marked ballots without a formal plan or dedicated funding could lead to widespread voter confusion. The hurdles are significant: millions of ballots must be pre-printed, thousands of election workers must be retrained, and the public must be educated on a new process—all within a few months.
“I think we’ve got a problem,” said Sen. Kim Jackson, a Democrat from Stone Mountain. “By not acting, we’ve actually chosen chaos.”
The failure to act has left the state’s electoral future uncertain. House Governmental Affairs Committee Chairman Victor Anderson, a Republican, warned that the state will face an “unresolvable statutory conflict” come July 1. With the annual session now closed, the only remaining paths are a special legislative session or a resolution in the courts.
What is the July 1 deadline?
It is the date by which Georgia must stop using the QR-coded ballots produced by its current touchscreen machines, pursuant to a law passed two years ago.

What happens if the state switches to hand-marked ballots?
Voters would use pre-printed ballots with ovals to be filled in by pen. However, officials warn this could lead to polling place problems and voter confusion due to a lack of funding, training, and time for implementation.
Why couldn’t the House and Senate agree?
The House backed a bipartisan plan to extend the QR code deadline to 2028. The Senate, however, declined to vote on that proposal, with some members favoring a more rapid shift to hand-marked ballots starting this year.
Could this affect the November midterms?
It is likely. Because the deadline falls just months before the elections, any sudden shift in voting methods or a legal battle over the “statutory conflict” could impact how Georgians cast and count their ballots.
Will the pressure of the upcoming midterms force a special session, or will the courts be the ones to decide how Georgia votes in November?





