The Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS) and the Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (MDARD) are investigating a significant outbreak of cyclosporiasis, with at least 170 confirmed cases reported across the state. This surge drastically exceeds the state’s typical annual average of approximately 50 cases, prompting an active investigation into potential food or water-borne sources.
Where is the outbreak occurring?
State health officials have identified cases across multiple Michigan counties, with the highest concentration in Monroe County. According to MDHHS data, the case distribution is as follows:
- Monroe County: 70 cases
- Lenawee County: 33 cases
- Washtenaw County: 21 cases
- Wayne County: 12 cases
- Shiawassee County: 7 cases
- Jackson County: 7 cases
- Livingston County: 7 cases
An additional 24 cases have been identified across 11 other counties, including the city of Detroit. The individuals affected range from 8 to 84 years old, with a median age of 41.
What is cyclosporiasis and how does it spread?
Cyclosporiasis is an intestinal illness caused by a parasite, which infects the small intestine. According to the CDC, the parasite is transmitted when an individual consumes food or water contaminated with feces.
Direct person-to-person transmission is considered unlikely. The CDC notes that it takes at least one to two weeks for the parasite to become infectious after being passed in a bowel movement. In the US, outbreaks of cyclosporiasis have been linked to various types of fresh produce.
People can be infected with Cyclospora more than once. Because the parasite requires time outside the body to become infectious, direct person-to-person transmission is unlikely.
What are the symptoms and how is it treated?
The hallmark symptom of cyclosporiasis is watery diarrhea with frequent and sometimes explosive bowel movements.
According to health officials, symptoms typically appear about one week after infection, though the timeframe can range from two days to two weeks or longer. If left untreated, the illness can last from a few days to more than a month, and symptoms may relapse. Healthcare providers diagnose the condition through the testing of a stool sample.
How to prevent infection
The CDC emphasizes that preventing cyclosporiasis relies on strict food safety protocols. To reduce the risk of infection, follow these guidelines:
- Handwashing: Use soap and water before and after handling or preparing raw fruits and vegetables.
- Thorough Washing: Rinse all fruits and vegetables under running water before eating, cutting, or cooking.
- Preparation: Cut away any damaged or bruised areas on fruits and vegetables before preparing and eating.
- Safety: Avoid water or food that may contain feces.
Anyone who experiences symptoms of cyclosporiasis should see their healthcare provider.
Frequently Asked Questions
How is cyclosporiasis diagnosed?
It is diagnosed by a healthcare provider through the testing of a stool sample.
Can I catch this from a family member?
Direct person-to-person transmission is unlikely because the parasite requires at least one to two weeks outside the body to become infectious.
What should I do if I think I am sick?
Anyone experiencing symptoms of cyclosporiasis should see their healthcare provider.
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