Many travelers give little thought to the quality of water used onboard aircraft, but a new analysis suggests that may need to change. The Center for Food as Medicine and Longevity recently ranked 21 airlines—10 major and 11 regional—on the safety of their drinking water, and the results indicate that several airlines have reached “unhealthy” levels of contamination.
The study, authored by Charles Platkin, PhD, JD, MPH, director of the Center for Food as Medicine and Longevity, found that E. coli—bacteria found in the intestines of humans and animals—was the primary driver of low scores. Platkin noted that airlines often state they comply with EPA guidelines, but emphasized that this compliance relies on self-reporting and adequate enforcement. “Compliance should be the floor, not the ceiling,” he said.
Airline Rankings
Major Airlines: Delta Air Lines received the highest score at 5.00 (Grade A), followed by Frontier Airlines at 4.80 (Grade A). American Airlines received the lowest score among major airlines, at 1.75 (Grade D).
Regional Airlines: GoJet Airlines achieved the highest regional score at 3.85 (Grade B), while Mesa Airlines received the lowest at 1.35 (Grade F).
According to Don Thushara Galbadage, MPH, PhD, a professor at Texas Christian University, the findings are particularly concerning for vulnerable populations—young children, older adults, pregnant individuals, and those with weakened immune systems. While healthy adults are unlikely to experience serious illness, even mild gastrointestinal issues can be more severe for these groups.
Scott M. Bartell, PhD, a professor at the University of California, Irvine, pointed out that the presence of coliforms, while sometimes harmless, can also indicate serious contamination like fecal matter. He noted that several airlines are detecting these contaminants at levels exceeding federal limits for tap water.
The study’s authors agree that improved management and monitoring of onboard water systems are crucial. The unique challenges of aircraft water systems—including stagnation, temperature fluctuations, and complex plumbing—require diligent attention.
Frequently Asked Questions
What did the study measure?
The study used a scoring system based on violations per aircraft, E. coli levels, indicator-positive rates, public notices, and the frequency of disinfecting and flushing to assess airline water safety.
Is the water on planes regulated?
Yes, the United States regulates aircraft drinking water through the EPA’s Aircraft Drinking Water Rule, which requires airlines to disinfect, flush, and routinely test onboard water systems and report those results.
What can travelers do to protect themselves?
The CDC advises travelers to use bottled water, avoid beverages made with untreated tap water, and use alcohol-based hand sanitizer. Experts also recommend bringing your own water bottle and filling it after passing through security, or purchasing beverages before boarding.
As airlines continue to navigate the complexities of maintaining safe water systems, passengers may want to consider these precautions to ensure a healthy and comfortable flight. What steps will you take on your next flight to ensure the water you consume is safe?