Health officials have identified a rise in cyclosporiasis cases across several states, with 145 infections reported to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) between May 1 and June 16. The parasitic illness, often linked to contaminated raw produce, has resulted in at least 20 hospitalizations. While summer months typically see higher case counts, states like Michigan and New York are monitoring clusters of the illness as investigations into potential food sources remain ongoing.
Why are cyclospora cases increasing?
Cyclosporiasis is caused by a single-cell parasite transmitted through human feces, according to Dr. David Freeman, professor emeritus of infectious diseases at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. The parasite contaminates crops when water tainted with feces is sprayed on crops. Once in a humid farm field environment, the parasite multiplies on the surface of produce.
While the CDC notes that seasonal increases are common in the summer, some states are reporting unusually sharp spikes. Michigan, for example, has recorded at least 170 cases across seven counties in just nine days, a significant jump for a state that typically identifies about 50 cases per year. Separately, the New York State Department of Health reported 107 cases since May 1, excluding New York City, against an annual average of 500 to 700 cases statewide.
Which foods are most likely to carry the parasite?
No specific food item has been implicated in the current outbreaks, according to federal and state health officials. However, Dr. Freeman highlights two categories of produce that frequently appear in outbreak investigations: fresh herbs like cilantro and basil used for garnishes, and field-grown fruits such as strawberries, blueberries, and melons.
How can you protect yourself from infection?
Thoroughly washing all fresh produce with plenty of water is the most effective way to remove the organism, according to Dr. Freeman. It is equally important to maintain clean kitchen surfaces and cutting boards. Notably, Dr. Freeman warns that bleach—including standard Clorox wipes—is ineffective against the parasite. Instead, he recommends thorough handwashing with soap and water, followed by an alcohol-based hand sanitizer.
What are the symptoms of cyclosporiasis?
Symptoms typically manifest between 2 and 14 days after consuming contaminated food. Dr. Freeman identifies the primary indicators as:
- Frequent bouts of watery diarrhea
- Loss of appetite
- Low-grade fever
If you experience severe diarrhea or a persistent fever, Dr. Freeman advises seeking medical attention immediately. Proper hydration is critical during recovery; he suggests using electrolyte-replenishing drinks such as Gatorade or Pedialyte to manage the illness.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I use bleach to clean produce to kill the parasite?
No. According to Dr. Freeman, the parasite is resistant to bleach. Washing produce thoroughly under running water is the recommended method for removal.
Are these cases linked to a single, nationwide outbreak?
Federal and state health officials state there is currently no evidence of a single, multistate cyclospora outbreak linking all cases. Investigations to identify specific sources are ongoing.
How long does it take for symptoms to appear?
Symptoms of cyclosporiasis generally appear 2 to 14 days after exposure to the parasite, according to Dr. Freeman.
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