Iran Conflict: Escalation Fears Rise – Expert Warns of Protracted War

Escalation in the Middle East appears increasingly likely, according to former Trump administration Iran advisor Nate Swanson. His recent analysis, shared with Politico, suggests a protracted conflict fueled by miscalculation and a lack of willingness to concede from either Washington or Tehran.

Predicting Iran’s Response

Swanson, formerly the National Security Council’s director for Iran, accurately anticipated Iran’s retaliatory strikes. These strikes targeted oil infrastructure and international shipping lanes, already impacting global energy markets and driving up oil prices. He had previously outlined these potential scenarios before hostilities began.

Trump Administration’s Miscalculations

Swanson believes the Trump administration underestimated Iran’s resilience and capacity for adaptation. He suggests that economic pressure alone may not compel Iran to capitulate, and the absence of a clear path to de-escalation risks a continuing cycle of action, and reaction.

Conflicting Narratives and Negotiations

President Trump asserts that Iran is seeking a deal and is no longer a regional power, claiming U.S. Actions have diminished Iran’s capabilities. Iranian authorities, however, deny these claims and reject accusations related to nuclear weapons development. Reports regarding potential negotiations are contradictory, with Trump stating talks are occurring while Iran denies any contact.

Did You Know? Nate Swanson served as Director for Iran at the National Security Council between 2022 and 2025.

A History of Underestimation

Swanson’s understanding of Iran’s strategic behavior is rooted in years of experience. He served on President Trump’s Iran negotiating team, but was later removed following accusations of disloyalty from Laura Loomer. Prior to that, he was a Resident Senior Fellow and Director of the Iran Strategy Project at the Atlantic Council.

Economic Factors and the Path Forward

Swanson believes economic considerations will be crucial in determining the conflict’s outcome. The level of economic hardship the U.S. Is prepared to accept will likely shape future policy decisions. The current stalemate in negotiations highlights the challenges of finding a mutually acceptable resolution.

Expert Insight: The lack of a clear “off-ramp” for de-escalation, as highlighted by Swanson, suggests a dangerous dynamic where both sides may feel compelled to continue escalating in response to perceived threats, even if a broader conflict is not in their strategic interest.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Nate Swanson’s current assessment of the Iran conflict?

Swanson believes the conflict will likely be protracted, with neither side willing to concede.

Did Swanson predict Iran’s retaliatory attacks?

Yes, he anticipated Iran would target oil infrastructure and international shipping.

What role does economics play in this conflict?

Swanson suggests economic pressures will eventually force a reassessment of U.S. Policy.

Given the conflicting narratives surrounding potential negotiations, what conditions would need to be met for meaningful dialogue to initiate?

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