Protests sparked by rising costs of living are spreading across Iran, with demonstrations now taking place at universities in multiple cities. Students are joining shopkeepers and merchants in voicing discontent over the country’s rapidly devaluing currency and its impact on affordability.
University Demonstrations and Government Response
Hundreds of students demonstrated at four universities in Tehran on Tuesday, according to the Fars news agency, though other reports indicate protests occurred at as many as seven locations in the capital. Demonstrations also broke out at a technology university in Isfahan, as well as in the cities of Yazd and Zanjan, as reported by Ilna and state-run IRNA.
President Masoud Pezeshkian announced on social media Monday that he has requested his interior minister to arrange talks with protest leaders to address their “legitimate demands” and formulate a government response. He stated, “We have fundamental actions on the agenda to reform the monetary and banking system and preserve the purchasing power of the people.”
Government spokesperson Fatemeh Mohajerani indicated Tuesday that authorities “recognize” the protesters, acknowledging the demonstrations stem from “natural pressure arising from the pressure on people’s livelihoods.” Simultaneously, the government held a pro-regime rally in Tehran.
Economic Pressures and Recent History
The current unrest represents the first major public dissent since June’s brief conflict with Israel, which previously prompted expressions of national unity. Iran’s economy has faced significant challenges since 2018, following the reimposition of US sanctions, and further pressure from renewed UN sanctions in September after the failure of nuclear disarmament talks.
Inflation reached 42.5% in December, compounded by the potential for further regional instability. The resignation of the central bank chief on Monday, reportedly linked to the impact of recent economic liberalization policies on the currency market, adds to the economic uncertainty.
Iran has experienced previous widespread protests, including demonstrations over rising bread prices in May 2022 and larger unrest from late 2022 through early 2023, triggered by the death of Jina Mahsa Amini while in the custody of the morality police.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is driving the current protests?
The protests are driven by rising costs of living, specifically dissatisfaction with the devaluation of the Iranian rial and the resulting impact on affordability for ordinary citizens.
Has the government responded to the protests?
President Masoud Pezeshkian has announced plans to arrange talks with protest leaders and address their demands. The government spokesperson also stated that authorities “recognize” the protesters.
Is this a new phenomenon in Iran?
No, Iran has a history of widespread public protests in recent years, including demonstrations over economic issues and social restrictions.
How will the government’s response shape the future of these protests and the broader political landscape in Iran?
