Is It Allergies or the New Nationwide Illness? What You Need to Know

While the calendar may show warmer weather, many Americans are still battling lingering respiratory illnesses. According to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and analysis from the public health Substack “Your Local Epidemiologist,” common cold infections peaked across the United States in mid-May. Although cases of rhinovirus are now on the decline, the virus remains in circulation, leading to confusion as the spring season brings both lingering colds and an increase in seasonal pollen.

Why do colds persist in the spring?

The spring peak of rhinovirus often catches people off guard because it coincides with high pollen counts. Dr. Jill Foster, a professor at the University of Minnesota Medical School, notes that the overlap is “always very confusing to people because spring is also when you also get this avalanche of pollen happening.”

While the weather is warming, the school year plays a significant role in transmission. Dr. Ashley Drews, an infectious disease specialist at Houston Methodist in Texas, explains that the recent end of the school year—when children are no longer in close proximity—is a primary driver in the current reduction of respiratory virus spread. This pattern at Houston Methodist typically mirrors national trends, according to Drews.

How to tell the difference between allergies and a cold

Distinguishing between an allergic reaction and a viral infection can be tricky, but there are key indicators. Dr. Foster emphasizes that allergies do not cause fevers. Furthermore, antihistamines like Zyrtec or Benadryl are effective for allergy symptoms but have “almost no effect on colds.”

If you are experiencing congestion, a runny nose, or fatigue accompanied by a fever, it is more likely that you have a cold. However, it is entirely possible to suffer from both simultaneously. If you are unsure of the cause, Dr. Foster recommends staying away from others to prevent potential transmission.

How to protect yourself as we move into summer

Even as case numbers drop, viruses have not disappeared entirely. To minimize your risk, experts emphasize consistent hygiene practices. According to Dr. Foster, frequent hand-washing is “paramount.” Dr. Drews adds that you should make a habit of scrubbing your hands before eating or touching your face, especially after handling public surfaces like light switches, railings, or door handles.

Avoiding individuals who are sneezing or coughing is also a recommended strategy. While a cold is often just a nuisance for many, it can pose serious risks to immunocompromised individuals, children with asthma, and those with underlying health conditions. Staying home when you are ill remains the most effective way to protect these vulnerable populations.

Frequently Asked Questions

• Can I have allergies and a cold at the same time? Yes. According to Dr. Foster, there is no biological reason you cannot experience both simultaneously.
• Do antihistamines help with common cold symptoms? No. Dr. Foster notes that antihistamines have “almost no effect on colds” and are primarily intended for allergy relief.
• Why do we see fewer colds in the summer? Experts point to the end of the school year as a major factor, as children are no longer in close quarters. Additionally, people tend to spend more time outdoors in the summer, whereas viruses spread more easily in indoor environments.

Have you been battling a spring cold or managing seasonal allergies? Share your experience in the comments below or subscribe to our health newsletter for more seasonal wellness updates.