Royal Tradition and Religious Significance: Felipe VI’s Investiture as Protocanonigo
On Friday, March 20, 2026, King Felipe VI of Spain was formally invested as the Protocanonigo of the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome. The ceremony, held at midday, underscored the historical ties between Spain and this significant Catholic basilica. Cardinal Rolandas Makrickas, Archpriest of the Papal Basilica, and the King both highlighted the enduring connection between the Spanish people and the church during the event.
A Title Rooted in Centuries of History
The title of Protocanonigo is an honor exclusively reserved for the Spanish head of state, reinforcing a relationship spanning over three centuries. Cardinal Makrickas emphasized that the continuation of this tradition by successive Spanish monarchs “renews the unique bond that unites the Spanish nation, the Crown, and this venerable Marian temple, the oldest in the West dedicated to the Holy Mother of God.”
The Ceremony and its Symbolism
The investiture followed established protocol. Cardinal Makrickas greeted the Spanish royals at the basilica’s entrance. Following a scripture reading, the Cardinal delivered a speech emphasizing that authentic tradition isn’t stagnation, but a “living transmission of a gift that transcends time and renews itself in each generation.” King Felipe VI then addressed those present, expressing gratitude to Cardinal Makrickas and the cathedral chapter for their dedication to preserving “this treasure of Christianity and universal culture.”
Connections to Pope Francis and the Basilica’s Legacy
King Felipe VI referenced the Basilica’s history, recalling the legend of the miraculous snowfall in August of 358 that indicated the site for the church’s construction on the Esquiline Hill. He too spoke of the Pauline Chapel, home to the image of Our Lady of the Snows, the “Salus Populi Romani,” noting that Pope Francis entrusted his journeys to her protection and found eternal rest there. The King recalled his own reflection on Pope Francis’s pontificate as “a beacon of ethics for humanity.”
The Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore: A Historical Overview
The Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore is recognized as the oldest basilica in the West dedicated to the Virgin Mary. Its construction dates back to the 5th century, shortly after the Council of Ephesus in 431, where Mary was officially proclaimed the Mother of God.
Historical Contributions and Spiritual Significance
According to Father José Jaime Brosel Gavilá, Rector of the Spanish National Church in Rome and Canon of the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore, the temple reflects the long-standing connection between Spain and the Catholic Church. Contributions from the Spanish monarchs, including gold from the Americas used to adorn the ceiling, demonstrate this historical link. The Basilica also holds significance as the site where Saint Ignatius of Loyola celebrated his first Mass in 1538.
Cardinal Makrickas’ Role and Background
Cardinal Rolandas Makrickas, appointed Archpriest of the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore in 2025, previously served in the diplomatic service of the Holy Notice from 2006 to 2021. He was responsible for reorganizing the basilica’s administration before assuming his current role.
A Recent Appointment with a Diplomatic Past
Cardinal Makrickas was ordained in 1996 and consecrated in 2023. He was elevated to the cardinalate by Pope Francis in December 2024. His background in diplomacy and administration positions him to oversee the continued preservation and prominence of this historic basilica.
FAQ
Q: What is the significance of the title “Protocanonigo”?
A: It’s an honorary title reserved exclusively for the Spanish head of state, symbolizing the historical and religious connection between Spain and the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore.
Q: When was the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore founded?
A: It was founded in the 5th century, making it the oldest basilica in the West dedicated to the Virgin Mary.
Q: Who is Cardinal Rolandas Makrickas?
A: He is the current Archpriest of the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore, appointed in 2025, with a background in the diplomatic service of the Holy See.
Did you know? The Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore’s ceiling is partly adorned with gold originating from the Americas, donated by Spanish monarchs.
Pro Tip: Explore the Vatican News website for further details and images related to the investiture ceremony: https://www.vaticannews.va/es/vaticano/news/2026-03/felipe-vi-toma-posesion-del-titulo-de-protocanonigo-basilica.html
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