Cancer

Scientists told how to reduce the likelihood of recurrence of cancer. Reedus

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American scientists conducted a study which shows that in the US there are 15 million people who survived cancer. Now they are all in remission, but cancer recurrence is the return of malignant disease may occur even after several years.

Previous studies repeatedly demonstrated that measures to lifestyle changes such as diet and physical activity is particularly important for long-term recovery of survivors of cancer.

Energy imbalance, when energy consumption does not equal energy consumption, and metabolic changes after cancer treatment can directly affect the risk of cancer recurrence. Patients after treatment should pay more attention to their health, the scientists write.

The study found that most recovered from cancer (56%) tend to overestimate the quality of their diet, increasing the risk of energy imbalance. They report more frequent consumption of fruits, vegetables and whole grains and a lower consumption of empty calories.

The researchers analyzed data from the National survey of health and nutrition (NHANES) for 2005-2014 on 2361 survivors Arcobaleno and 23 of 114 participants who did not have cancer.

Experts analyzed data from NHANES in conjunction with information about healthy eating index, which measures adherence to the dietary recommendations, as an indicator of food quality. It turned out that the quality of the diet of people with remission has not improved over the last ten years.

In addition, the diet of people who survived cancer usually have been unbalanced, though more healthy diet than people without cancer. Despite the presence of vegetables and fruit in the diet, they are often not able to organize your meals to the level of proteins, fats and carbohydrates remained normal.

These components are extremely important that the body receives all the necessary elements for health. This is especially important for patients with chronic diseases.

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What is dangerous excess weight during pregnancy. Reedus

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An international team of scientists conducted a study during which have established a link between maternal obesity and liver cancer in children.

Experts have identified a microRNA in obese pregnant mice, which, apparently, transmit the susceptibility to liver cancer to their offspring for several generations.

One third of the world’s population is overweight or obese, and this global problem threatens the health. Obesity increases the risk of metabolic diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Up to 50% of newly diagnosed HCC in the United States is the result of disturbances of the hepatic metabolism. Maternal obesity, a condition which directly affects the health of the offspring, plays an important role in metabolic diseases, scientists say:

Epidemiological studies indicate that obesity is an independent risk factor the development of liver cancer. We conducted our study on mice, but we suspect that similar processes occur in humans.

In the experiment, the researchers injected diethylnitrosamine to cause liver cancer in obese mice that were fed high-fat diet. RNA sequencing was performed to identify genes and microRNAs that have changed over several generations.

Scientists have found that maternal obesity increased the risks of developing liver cancer in young and subsequent offspring several times. For example, problems with the cookies in offspring of fat mothers and grandmothers were more serious than in offspring of fat mothers and grandmothers with normal weight.

His study, we would like to appeal to the global effort to combat maternal obesity, which in term will affect the health of children. This study also opens a new path for cancer research, caused by a metabolic disorder, — the scientists concluded.

Now experts are studying how maternal stress might affect her offspring.

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Radiotherapy for cancer is, how it works and when you need it

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It all began thanks to a woman. Even if someone had thought to use X-rays in the late 1800s for the treatment of cancer, the radiation has begun to grow in the first half of ’900, in part, after the research of Marie Curie, who discovered the radioactivity, of the elements (radio and polonium) in 1898. Today radiotherapytogether with surgery, chemotherapy, and more and more immunotherapy, is one of the bases for the treatment of many cancers.

Here’s how it works

Radiation therapy uses high-energy radiation emitted from radioactive substances or produced by specific equipment called linear accelerators. Ionizing radiation, directed against the tumour mass, are capable of damaging the structure of the target tissue; the tumor cells are poorly able to repair their damage, and then once affected by radiation undergo cell death or apoptosis.

Radiation therapy is based on the principle of directing the ionizing radiation on the cancerous cell to damage the Dna. Ionizing radiation generate within the cell-damaging free radicals, which damage irreversibly the genetic heritage of the cell. In order to save the healthy tissues, the beams of radiation are shaped and aimed from several angles and intersect at the center of the area to be treated, where there will be a quantity of absorbed dose the total is superior to those of the adjacent areas.

In some cases, in external radiation therapy, the source of the rays is placed outside the body while internal radiation therapy is administered directly into the body. The radiation treatment is strictly personalized for each patient depending on the type of tumor, its size, location and the general health condition of the patient. In addition to the type most suitable radiation, is established the duration and dose of treatmenthow many fractions should be administered and with what frequency.

When you use

“The radiation oncology can be used to the exclusive treatment of a tumor, where for the exclusive you want to own as an alternative to surgery, ” explains Renzo Corvò, elected President of AIRO (Italian Association of Radiation Oncology) and Director of Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, italy. Prostate cancer, cancer of the larynx, the cancer of the cervix, certain tumors initials of the lung are among the most common examples; radiation therapy is often used associated in this role for radical chemotherapy, allowing you to implement the programmes of the so-called ‘preservation of organ function’. This type of radiation therapy is performed in the 35 to 40 percent of the cases; it also uses radiotherapy very extended, post-operative“.

Continues the expert: “The patient is subjected to surgery and after the radiation therapy that removes malignant cells remaining in the area where we intervened. This treatment is also called the adjuvant, and the most classic example is the cancer of the breast; we then have a quota to a more limited 5% to 10%, but interestingly, of the cases treated with neoadjuvant radiotherapy, i.e. pre-operatively.

These are situations in which the same surgeon with the oncology team decide to proceed as the first therapeutic act to a course of radiotherapy to reduce the tumor. In this way, the surgical act, which follows at a distance of time is more conservative. Example is colorectal cancer.

Finally, there is one last important role: palliative radiation therapy classicalthe purpose of the check a symptom, for example, in a patient with metastatic with a poor prognosis and a pain to control, and, still more advanced, the palliative radiotherapy with the aim to stabilise advanced disease. In patients who present with metastases, radiotherapy can on very small areas to stop the evolution with a very poor prognosis is more favourable and prolonged for years.”

It should however be noted that this treatment can be used by children with cancer up to the over and even the trees, in particular for skin cancer and tumours head and neck.

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British drug 70% decreased the growth of aggressive tumors

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Bertoneri in combination with chemotherapy affects the DNA of cancer cells, not allowing her to recover.

Photo: depositphotos.com

Specialists from the Institute of cancer research UK are looking for new ways to fight cancer. British scientists have focused on the ability of cancer cells to restore DNA. In the course of studies has identified the ATR protein, which is responsible for the repair of cells, which were exposed to the drug personaltab. Scientists did not expect so much positive effect, because the British drug in combination with chemotherapy 70% decreased the growth of aggressive tumors. Experts believe that made a breakthrough in the treatment of severe forms of cancer, because patients with such diagnoses have experienced a new drug.

The success of the operation personeria is that chemotherapy also affects the DNA of tumors makes them more sensitive to the ingredients of the new drug. To date, the side effects of the drug are mild and do not go to any comparison with the benefit from personaltime. Scientists are going to continue to create tools that act on the DNA of cancer tumors.

Kartashov Timur

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Coronavirus: the Who, up to dexamethasone for mild symptoms Covid – Medicine

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(ANSA) – ROME, JUNE 23 – The corticosteroid drug
dexamethasone “should not be taken to prevent Covid-19 or
to deal with the mild symptoms”. To be mentioned is the Organization
The world Health organization (Who) in a section of the portal dedicated
Questions and Answers on the new coronavirus.

To the question “should I take dexamethasone to prevent
Covid-19 or treat my mild symptoms of the disease?”, the Who
replies to a recent study conducted in the United Kingdom “has
showed very promising results only for patients who
were seriously ill and in critical condition”, reducing the
mortality for patients undergoing ventilation of a third and
a fifth of the patients who are in need of support
oxygen. The same study, however, “found no
the benefit in patients with mild illness, i.e. those that
do not require the support of oxygen”. Dexamethasone,
in fact, says the Who, was used from the ’60s to
reduce inflammation in a number of conditions, including
inflammatory disorders and certain cancers in combination with other
drugs. This powerful anti-inflammatory medication but suppresses
“the immune system and may increase the risk of other
infections”.

The Who, he concludes, “is waiting for full report before
to make a change to the recommendations, but the doctors
may consider the use of dexamethasone for the
patients with serious illness and critical, as has been done in the
I study English”. (ANSA).

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