According to Lowell Observatory and the Large Binocular Telescope, astronomers have discovered that asteroid 44 Nysa is likely the first known trinary asteroid, consisting of three connected components accompanied by a tiny moon. First discovered in May 1857 by German-French astronomer Hermann Goldschmidt, this 46-mile-wide minor planet in the asteroid belt continues to reveal surprising structural traits nearly 170 years later.
Discovering Nysa’s Three-Lobed Shape with Large Telescopes
Observations conducted using the Large Binocular Telescope in Arizona and the Very Large Telescope in Chile have reshaped our understanding of asteroid 44 Nysa. Lead author Kate Minker of Lowell Observatory stated that the resulting images reveal a remarkably unusual object. According to Minker, the most likely explanation is that Nysa functions as a contact trinary, meaning it consists of three connected components, or alternatively stands as an extremely irregular coherent body unlike anything previously observed by researchers. The peer-reviewed paper detailing these findings was published on arXiv on July 28, 2026, and accepted for publication by the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics.
Did you know? Asteroid Nysa is an E-type asteroid rich in enstatite, a mineral that reflects a significant amount of light. Shining at around magnitude 6.75, it is bright enough to be spotted through a pair of 7×50 binoculars.
Understanding Colli and Early Solar System Collisions
The newly acquired imagery of Nysa displays two distinct depressions wrapping around the body. According to the research team, these depressions serve as connection points or neck-like structures between separate lobes, which the astronomers call colli. Al Conrad of the Large Binocular Telescope Observatory noted that the paper finally unmasks the true nature of the asteroid long after its initial discovery. Regarding its unique shape, astronomers suggest Nysa may have formed during an ancient collision before reaching the asteroid belt, where three scattered pieces slowly gravitated back together. Another possibility involves a hit-and-run impact from another passing space rock.
A Mini Moon Orbiting Asteroid Nysa
Alongside its multi-lobed main body, the observations revealed a clear moon circling the asteroid. Designated as S/2026 (44) 1, the tiny moon measures roughly half a mile, or a little more than one kilometer, in diameter. According to the data, this satellite maintains a separation of about 100 miles, or 160 kilometers, from Nysa.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who discovered asteroid Nysa?
German-French astronomer Hermann Goldschmidt discovered asteroid Nysa on May 27, 1857, making it the 44th known minor planet.
What makes asteroid Nysa unique?
According to researchers at Lowell Observatory, Nysa is potentially the first known trinary asteroid, formed from three connected lobes, and it is accompanied by a small orbiting moon.
How bright is asteroid 44 Nysa?
Nysa is an E-type asteroid rich in enstatite, shining at magnitude 6.75, which puts it within reach of standard 7×50 binoculars.
What is the name of Nysa’s moon?
The moon orbiting the asteroid has been given the official designation S/2026 (44) 1.
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