On June 30, a meeting of the operational headquarters should be held in the Perm Territory, at which the possibility of removing a number of restrictions will be discussed. Two consecutive days – June 28 and 29 – the distribution coefficient of coronavirus in Prikamye is 0.79. This is one of the important indicators of the phased lifting of restrictions – for the second stage, it should be less than 0.8.
In addition, over the past three days, 510 beds were additionally re-profiled for COVID-19 treatment in the province. The indicator “availability of free bed fund” amounted to 67.7 percent.
– Over the past two days, key indicators have been kept in the Kama region at the level of standards for moving to the second stage of lifting restrictive measures, – said Sergey Nikiforov, Deputy Prime Minister of the Perm Territory, in charge of healthcare. – This allows us to discuss the draft plan for the transition to the second stage.
At the second stage, street cafes, museums and exhibition halls, shopping centers up to 800 square meters, children’s clubs, public organizations, research institutes, playgrounds and kindergartens, including private ones, will be opened.
As a source in the operational headquarters told Komsomolskaya Pravda, the chances are high that the second stage in the Perm Territory will begin on July 1.
.
“No need to hide from the virus in a cocoon!” – Perm epidemiologist about the current situation
Cloving hospital on the basis of the Medical Scientific and Educational Center (ISSC) Moscow State University named after M.V.Lomonosov took the first patients on April 21 and completed his work on June 13. It turned out that it was possible to achieve the best treatment results for COVID-19 in Moscow. Over the entire period, 4 patients died, and among severe patients who got mechanical ventilation, the mortality rate was less than 14% (for comparison, the average for the city and the world was up to 70 – 80%). Eighteen doctors out of 220 employees of the hospital were infected with coronavirus, there were no deaths among the medical staff.
What approaches were used at the University Hospital of Moscow State University to achieve such results? We continue the conversation with the head. Department of Therapy, Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Moscow State University, Head of the Department of Age-Associated Diseases, Medical Scientific and Educational Center, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Cardiologist Yana Orlova.
MEDICINE FOR COUGH FOR 80 RUBLES
– Most of those who are ill or are afraid to get sick are worried about fibrotic changes in their lungs. They say that you have developed special therapy that can reduce the risk of developing fibrosis. Is it possible?!
– Yes, we launched an appropriate clinical study. There are no final results yet, but we have developed clinical practice.
“What did you do to save the lungs?”
– We used a combination of bromhexine and spironolactone (both are long-known very cheap drugs. – Ed.). Bromhexine is an expectorant that has been prescribed to patients with pneumonia and cough for many years. At the same time, experimental data showed that this drug can block a specific enzyme and impede the penetration of coronavirus into cells. True, it was on this effect that we counted to a lesser extent in inpatients, since such an effect is important mainly in the early stages of the disease. But the expectorant effect of bromhexine really helps patients with COVID. I heard that our colleagues in Peter launched a study of bromhexine for prophylactic purposes. We will wait for the results.
Coronavirus infected 18 doctors from 220 employees of the hospital, there were no deaths among the medical staffPhoto: Ivan MAKEEV
FIBROSIS OBSTACLE
– The second drug – spironolactone – is traditionally widely used in cardiology for the treatment of heart failure, severe hypertension. It has a small diuretic, magnesium and potassium-preserving effect, continues Yana. Orlova. – It has several mechanisms through which it can be useful in coronavirus infection.
Firstly, a mechanism that prevents the development of fibrosis in general in the body. There are works that, in particular, show that spironolactone reduces fibrosis in the heart. At the same time, it is known that the tendency to fibrosis is not local, but systemic – where there is more inflammation, there will certainly be fibrosis. And we see, of course, fibrotic changes in the “covide” in our patients. Therefore, we prescribed spironolactone as a drug for the prevention of this process.
Secondly, this drug blocks sex hormone receptors, in particular testosterone. Some published studies suggest that “high-testosterone” men suffer from “covid” more often and develop more severe fibrotic changes. Therefore, blocking these receptors for several weeks during COVID treatment may be useful in reducing the severity of complications. We are not talking about a longer intake, since male patients are unlikely to agree with a decrease in testosterone levels in the long term.
And perhaps the most important point. In almost all of our patients, we observed hypokalemia (a decrease in potassium levels. – Ed.). With coronavirus infection, potassium is intensely excreted from the body, and scientific articles even suggest that hypokalemia serves as the trigger for a cytokine storm. So spironolactone has a real chance to reduce the risk of this dangerous complication. But the main thing, in my opinion, is that lowering the level of potassium in the body is extremely harmful to the heart and triggers life-threatening rhythm disturbances, increasing the risk of sudden death. We, like all others, replenished potassium with droppers, but it was more effective to retain it in the body with the help of spironolactone.
Men certainly get worse than women; the elderly are heavier than the young; overweight people are heavier than overweight patientsPhoto: Ivan MAKEEV
WHEN PRESCRIBED PATIENTS
– Yana Arturovna, how many patients did you have on average?
– About 10 – 14 days. But someone and 50 days.
– Have you noticed signs by which it can be assumed that the disease in the person brought is likely to go the hard way?
– Such studies were carried out in the world, our clinical practice confirmed them. Men certainly get worse than women; the elderly are heavier than the young; overweight people are heavier than overweight patients. Men with a classic male type of baldness, a lot of facial hair, we can say brutal men get sick harder.
– Under what conditions did you discharge patients?
– We acted as close as possible to the recommendations Ministry of Health: so that the temperature for three days was not higher than 37.5 degrees; so that C-reactive protein (an indicator of inflammation) is lower than 10 mg / l, and saturation, that is, the level of oxygen in the blood, is higher than 96%.
“HEAD OF EPIDEMIOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF ITSELF WORKED AT SANPROPUSNIK”
– How often do you get sick doctors and nurses?
– In the first month no one got sick at all. We have a very powerful epidemiological service. The head of the sanitary-epidemiological department, a senior researcher, correctly organized the whole process, and for the first two weeks she personally worked in the sanitary inspection room at the exit from the “red zone” and helped doctors and nurses who were exhausted after the shift safely remove protective clothing.
Then both people’s fatigue and viral load accumulated. By the middle of the second month, sick people began to appear. There were no seriously ill patients. We treated part of the staff in our observation, part of it was treated at home. In total, 18 people were infected from the medical staff (less than 10%).
– Doctors take something for prevention? Vitamins C, D, Zinc?
– I saw the recommendations of American nutritionists, they speak out positively about taking zinc, melatonin and vitamin C. There were somewhat conflicting data on vitamin D. But we did not give any such recommendations to our employees. We have all the prevention was associated with minimizing contacts and other measures of epidemiological safety.
Physicians are the heroes of our time.“If you think that you are special and that a pandemic will not affect you, you are deeply mistaken,” listen to what the doctors who are fighting with coronavirus say
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The results of treatment at the university clinic of Moscow State University were the best in the capital. “Komsomolskaya Pravda” learned the details of how doctors and scientists saved severe patients [Часть 1]
Virologist told whether it is possible to disinfect masks from coronavirus in sunlight
And also why the epidemic is gaining strength in southern countries and whether the sun affects the incidence – all this in an interview with George Vikulova (details)
A yellow level of weather danger due to wind and thunder is declared in Moscow and the Moscow Region, according to the site of the Hydrometeorological Center. Until 20:00 today, rain is expected in places in places, wind will increase with gusts of 12-17 m / s.
“Hot weather will last until Sunday,” forecasters say. “On Monday, the cool air from the north will conquer the central regions. The heat will subside, during the day in most areas – from +18 to + 23 ° C. “
The Ministry of Emergency Situations recommends that if there is a thunderstorm, it is possible to abandon trips in personal vehicles and observe the speed limit and distance while driving. When strengthening the wind, it is recommended to bypass billboards and rickety structures, not to hide under the trees. The car should also be parked away from trees and poorly fortified structures.
Earlier, the scientific director of the Hydrometeorological Center, Roman Vilfand, warned that cooling would be expected early next week, which would affect central Russia, the North-West Federal District, the Volga Region, the Urals, and the south of Western Siberia.
According to the count of NBC News, the US reached early this morning of Saturday, the number of 2,467,147 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 125,547 deceased.
Texas and Florida backtracked on Friday, and adopted new measures against the bars, while the daily number of confirmed infections of coronaviruses throughout the united States reached an unprecedented 40,000.
The governor of Texas, Greg Abbott, ordered the closure of all the bars, while Florida banned the consumption of alcohol in those establishments. Both states joined a small but growing list of entities that have been suspended, a greater re-opening of their economies due to flare-ups, mainly in the south and the west of the country.
On Wednesday, the number of new cases of coronavirus by day in the united States, exceeded the peak reached at the end of April, recording more than 45,000 new cases of COVID-19, more than the maximum 36,400 reached on the 24th of April, according to NBC News.
This according to data compiled Wednesday by NBC.
The state most affected by the pandemic remains New York with 395,703 confirmed cases 32,169 deceased.
New York will continue to the neighboring New Jersey with 173,640 confirmed cases and 14,872 deceased, the state of Illinois, with 138,540 infections and 6,847 deaths, and Massachusetts, which has been reported 107,837 positive for coronavirus and 8,013 dead.
Other states with a large number of deaths are Michigan (6,133), Pennsylvania (6,630), California (5,814), and Connecticut, with 4,307.
Health experts have said that it is seeing an alarmingly high number of infections among young people who are coming out again, often without masks and without follow other social distancing measures.
Governor Greg Abbott took the decision to the spike in cases of COVID-19.
“It is evident that the increase in cases is driven primarily by a certain type of activities, as the assistance of texans in the bars,” stated Abbott.
Abbott had undertaken one of the calendarizaciones most dynamic of reopening in the country. The republican had stood up to the demands of that order the use of facemasks and also had refused until last week to allow local governments to impose such a measure.
“The doctors told us at the time, and what is said to who will listen, that this would be a disaster. And what has been”, stated the judge, democrat Clay Jenkins, the authority of highest rank in the county of Dallas. “Once again, the governor acts with slowness. Now you are forced to do the things that you require to do so in the last month and a half”.
Texas reported more than 17,000 new cases in the last three days, and on Thursday reached a record high of nearly 6,000. The second most populous state has also registered daily record of hospitalizations, and Friday surpassed for the first time the 5,000 patients of coronavirus boarding schools.
The couple also has a daughter of 1 year, who also tested positive to the virus.
In Florida, on the instruction of the governor-republican Ron DeSantis, the agency that regulates bars took action after the daily number of new confirmed cases is closer to 9,000, nearly double the record from just two days ago.
Colleen Corbett, a maid of 30 years who works at two facilities in Tampa, was said to be upset and worried to stay again without a job, but pointed out that the restrictions are the correct size. Most customers were not using masks, he said.
“It seems as if they have forgotten that there is a pandemic or just left to worry,” said Corbett.
Several of the states most affected, such as Arizona and Arkansas, have republican governors who have resisted efforts to legislate mandatory use of facemasks and have reiterated the president’s desire to Donald Trump to revive the economy quickly, despite warnings that there could be new outbreaks of coronavirus.
The experts of the federal government estimate that they would be more than 20 million infected with the virus in the US. To see more of Telemundo, visit now.telemundo.com
The number of deaths from coronavirus in the united States has been around 600 per day recently, compared with about 2,200 in the peak reached in April. Some experts doubt that it will reach that level again due to advances in treatment and prevention.
The virus has caused some 125,000 deaths and has infected almost 2.5 million people in the united States, according to a tally by the Johns Hopkins University. But health authorities believe that the number of cases is 10 times higher. At the global level, the virus has claimed close to half a million lives.
Louisiana reported its second day with more than 1,300 confirmed cases, a number that made the democratic governor, John Bel Edwards to suspend a greater lifting of restrictions on mobility. The republican governor of Arizona, Doug Ducey, did the same thing, since the new cases in your state exceed the 3,000 per day, and 85% of hospital beds are occupied.
For the second time in a week, Tennessee reported its biggest daily increase in confirmed infections, with more than 1,400, but the republican governor Bill Lee has been reluctant to re-impose restrictions or require the use of masks.
Hospital administrators and health experts warned on Wednesday that some parts of the united States are on the verge of being overwhelmed by a resurgence of the coronavirus, and expressed regret that politicians and the public weary of closures are leaving that disaster to happen.
The united states recorded a total of 34,700 new cases of COVID-19 in a day, the highest figure in two months, from the peak of 36,400 registered in mid-April, according to the count maintained by the Johns Hopkins University.
Even though new confirmed cases have been declining steadily in sites with outbreaks early in the united States, such as New York and New Jersey, several other states set records for one day this week, including Arizona, California, Mississippi, Nevada and Texas. Some of them broke in addition to records of hospital admissions, as it happened in North Carolina and South Carolina.
The united states reached this Wednesday the number of 2,385,348 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and the of 122,450 deceased, in accordance with the count independent of NBC News.
New York remains the state hardest hit by the pandemic with 398,105 confirmed cases and 32,079 dead.
New York will continue to the neighboring New Jersey (173,475 cases and 13,004 deceased), Massachusetts (107,611 infections and 7,938 deaths) and Illinois (138,540 positive and 6,770 dead).
In Pennsylvania there are 87,733 cases, of which 6,573 have resulted in deaths. Meanwhile, in Michigan, have been confirmed 68,555 infections and 6,114 deaths.
California currently has 192,537 infections and 5,677 deaths, while in Connecticut there are 45,899 infected and 4,277 deceased. Florida reached 109,014 cases and 3,281 deceased, at the time that Louisiana collects 52,477 infections and 3,152 deaths.
“People became complacent,” said dr. Marc Boom, director general of the hospital system Houston Methodist. “And the virus is returning and golpeándonos, frankly”.
The stock market plunged considerably on Wednesday after the resurgence of the virus cast a shadow over hopes for a quick economic recovery. The virus has been blamed for more than 122,000 deaths in the united States and more than 2.3 million of confirmed infections.
California, the most populous state, reported more than 7,100 new cases. The count in Florida grew by 5,500 in a day, an increase of 25% compared to the record of the previous week and three times the level just two weeks ago.
In Texas, which began to lift the restrictions of the confinement may 1, the hospital admissions have doubled, and the new cases to triple in two weeks.
Governor Greg Abbott told the channel KFDA-TV that the state goes through a “massive outbreak” and may require new local restrictions to preserve space for hospitalizations in some places.
In the eight hospitals of Houston Methodist in Texas, the count of patients with COVID-19 has increased threefold in the last month, at 312. Approximately 20% of the testing of coronavirus that are now the hospitals are positive, compared with between 2% and 4% in mid-may.
If that trend doesn’t change, the chain of hospitals with 2,000 beds would be 600 patients with coronavirus in the next three weeks and would be forced to cancel surgeries not essential, said Boom.
“We need everyone to behave perfectly and work together perfectly,” to slow down the rate of infections, said Boom. “When I see a restaurant or a business in which the people are not following the guidelines, where they are abandoning the caution, that makes me mad”.
In Arizona, the cases will likely exceed the capacity of beds in the hospitals of the state in the coming weeks if the trend continues, said dr. Joseph Gerald, a professor of political of public health of the University of Arizona.
“We are in serious trouble,” said Gerald, who called the state to impose new restrictions on business, something that the republican governor Doug Ducey has refused to do. Without such measures, says Gerald, the balance of deaths will occur at levels “unprecedented”.
Dr. Peter Hotez, an expert in infectious diseases, said that he is concerned that the states wasted the time they have left to prevent a crisis much greater.
“We are still speaking of subtleties, we are discussing if we should wear masks or not, and we still do not understand that a vaccine is not going to rescue,” said Hotez, of the School of Medicine, Baylor, Texas.
Initially, governor Abbott, also a republican, forbade local officials penalized or multaran people for not wearing masks when he began to be reopened by the state. After cases are fired, Abbott said last week that cities and counties could allow the business would require masks.
In Florida, several counties and cities have recently begun to require face masks in public places and penalizing businesses that do comply with the regulations of estrangement public.
In an indication of the change of the outbreak in the country, New York, Connecticut and New Jersey, announced that it will require visitors from states with high rates of infection must be quarantined for 14 days. It is a change from march, when the governor of Florida Ron DeSantis issued a similar order for the visitors to the New York area, where then were an increase in cases.
Hospital administrators and health experts warned on Wednesday that some parts of the united States are on the verge of being overwhelmed by a resurgence of the coronavirus, and expressed regret that politicians and the public weary of closures are leaving that disaster to happen.
The united states recorded a total of 34,700 new cases of COVID-19 in a day, the highest figure in two months, from the peak of 36,400 registered in mid-April, according to the count maintained by the Johns Hopkins University.
Even though new confirmed cases have been declining steadily in sites with outbreaks early in the united States, such as New York and New Jersey, several other states set records for one day this week, including Arizona, California, Mississippi, Nevada and Texas. Some of them broke in addition to records of hospital admissions, as it happened in North Carolina and South Carolina.
The united states reached this Wednesday the number of 2,385,348 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and the of 122,450 deceased, in accordance with the count independent of NBC News.
New York remains the state hardest hit by the pandemic with 398,105 confirmed cases and 32,079 dead.
New York will continue to the neighboring New Jersey (173,475 cases and 13,004 deceased), Massachusetts (107,611 infections and 7,938 deaths) and Illinois (138,540 positive and 6,770 dead).
In Pennsylvania there are 87,733 cases, of which 6,573 have resulted in deaths. Meanwhile, in Michigan, have been confirmed 68,555 infections and 6,114 deaths.
California currently has 192,537 infections and 5,677 deaths, while in Connecticut there are 45,899 infected and 4,277 deceased. Florida reached 109,014 cases and 3,281 deceased, at the time that Louisiana collects 52,477 infections and 3,152 deaths.
“People became complacent,” said dr. Marc Boom, director general of the hospital system Houston Methodist. “And the virus is returning and golpeándonos, frankly”.
The stock market plunged considerably on Wednesday after the resurgence of the virus cast a shadow over hopes for a quick economic recovery. The virus has been blamed for more than 122,000 deaths in the united States and more than 2.3 million of confirmed infections.
California, the most populous state, reported more than 7,100 new cases. The count in Florida grew by 5,500 in a day, an increase of 25% compared to the record of the previous week and three times the level just two weeks ago.
In Texas, which began to lift the restrictions of the confinement may 1, the hospital admissions have doubled, and the new cases to triple in two weeks.
Governor Greg Abbott told the channel KFDA-TV that the state goes through a “massive outbreak” and may require new local restrictions to preserve space for hospitalizations in some places.
In the eight hospitals of Houston Methodist in Texas, the count of patients with COVID-19 has increased threefold in the last month, at 312. Approximately 20% of the testing of coronavirus that are now the hospitals are positive, compared with between 2% and 4% in mid-may.
If that trend doesn’t change, the chain of hospitals with 2,000 beds would be 600 patients with coronavirus in the next three weeks and would be forced to cancel surgeries not essential, said Boom.
“We need everyone to behave perfectly and work together perfectly,” to slow down the rate of infections, said Boom. “When I see a restaurant or a business in which the people are not following the guidelines, where they are abandoning the caution, that makes me mad”.
In Arizona, the cases will likely exceed the capacity of beds in the hospitals of the state in the coming weeks if the trend continues, said dr. Joseph Gerald, a professor of political of public health of the University of Arizona.
“We are in serious trouble,” said Gerald, who called the state to impose new restrictions on business, something that the republican governor Doug Ducey has refused to do. Without such measures, says Gerald, the balance of deaths will occur at levels “unprecedented”.
Dr. Peter Hotez, an expert in infectious diseases, said that he is concerned that the states wasted the time they have left to prevent a crisis much greater.
“We are still speaking of subtleties, we are discussing if we should wear masks or not, and we still do not understand that a vaccine is not going to rescue,” said Hotez, of the School of Medicine, Baylor, Texas.
Initially, governor Abbott, also a republican, forbade local officials penalized or multaran people for not wearing masks when he began to be reopened by the state. After cases are fired, Abbott said last week that cities and counties could allow the business would require masks.
In Florida, several counties and cities have recently begun to require face masks in public places and penalizing businesses that do comply with the regulations of estrangement public.
In an indication of the change of the outbreak in the country, New York, Connecticut and New Jersey, announced that it will require visitors from states with high rates of infection must be quarantined for 14 days. It is a change from march, when the governor of Florida Ron DeSantis issued a similar order for the visitors to the New York area, where then were an increase in cases.
(ANSA) – ROMA, 21 JUN – The minimum levels, the increase in
daily of the victims for coronavirus in Italy after the
lockdown. Are 24 in the last 24 hours, in the face of 49 of
yesterday. To find so few died in a day, in addition to 15
June were 26, we must go back to the end of February. In
Lombardy in the last day you are registered 13
the victims, while yesterday were 23. The total number of
victims in Italy so to 34.634. The data has been made
known by the Civil Protection.
– Has long been known that overweight people have lowered immunity, says head of the Department of endocrinology of the medical faculty Russian national research medical University. N. And. Pirogov Tatiana Demidova. Research and practice show that in these patients increases the risk of atherosclerosis sharply increases the risk of heart attacks, strokes and heart failure. Increased risk of endocrinological, oncological diseases, joint diseases, psychological disorders.
Epidemic COVID has added another item to the list of high threats to people who are overweight. It turned out that when infected with coronavirus patients with obesity more often require hospitalization, fall into the ICU, on the ventilator (artificial lung ventilation). Alas, is growing and the risk of death.
– If the original messages from China on the most severe cases COVID it was mainly about the older people with severe chronic diseases, according to the latest data from Europe and USA the risk group includes people with obesity – says Tatiana Demidova.
FACTS AND FIGURES
In what diseases most often develop complications due to coronavirus
90% of patients admitted with severe COVID-19 US hospitals, were the following comorbidities:
– hypertension — 49.7%,and
– obesity or 48.3%,
– chronic lung disease — 34,6%,
– diabetes type 2 diabetes was 28.3%,
– cardiovascular disease — 27,8%.
Thus, obesity is second among the States in which CouId be severe.
CORONAVIRUS, INFLUENZA, AND HIV, “LIKE” ADIPOSE TISSUE
Visceral adipose tissue, that is, one that is in the abdomen, is, in fact, highly individual body, experts explain. This body affects the immune, endocrine system and metabolism in the body as a whole.
– People who are overweight fat cells are much larger. So, is synthesized in much more of various hormones and inflammatory cells. Among them, including interleukin-6, interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor, and others, – says Tatiana Demidova. Often in the body, there is a creeping inflammation.
At the same time observed that many viral infections and especially COVID-19 amplify the effects cytokines and lead to the extension of the generalization of inflammation. “It was proved that adipose tissue serves as a reservoir for some viruses, such as influenza, HIV and cytomegalovirus. Also, according to the latest data, it can be activated and coronavirus,” adds Demidov.
INSULATION NEEDS TO BE LONGER?
Studies have shown one more feature of coronavirus. As it turned out, he is able to spread rapidly in adipose tissue surrounding internal organs – lungs, liver, kidneys, heart, etc. because Of this, developing severe damage to these vital organs and people with excess weight, excess amount of adipose tissue increases the risk of death from multiple organ failure.
There is evidence that such patients are also unable to stay longer carriers of the virus, require longer hospital stay and isolation, said Tatyana Demidova.
AFTER INFECTION — DIABETES
There is evidence and that not less than one-third of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in China, European countries and the United States, the infection resulted in damage of the pancreas. This was confirmed by elevated enzymes amylase and lipase, and glucose levels in the blood plasma.
– This is a very disturbing circumstance. Since we talking about high risk of developing diabetes type 2 diabetes in people with the original obesity after recovery from infection, says Dr. Demidov.
It is not excluded that after the break the pace of the epidemic COVID, we will see a worldwide surge in the incidence of diabetes, experts say.
So now, when the opportunity walks, sports, seasonal ripe fruits and vegetables rich in fiber, doctors suggest the obese individuals to exert their maximum effort for getting rid of really dangerous extra pounds.
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Patients COVID-19 seems to destroy not only coronavirus, but the micro-plastic particles
American scientists believe the Earth has no more places, not infected with the smallest stuff (details)
The head of the Federal Reserve System (FRS), Jerome Powell, warned of the long-term risks of a deep recession and a fall in US employment, urging Congress and the White House to take new steps to support the US economy. At the same time, he said that the Fed does not consider the possibility of removing the key rate from the current near-zero level to the negative zone, on the eve of the desirability of such actions, US President Donald Trump said.
The US economy may face the long-term negative effects of the coronavirus outbreak, as liquidity problems eventually lead to bankruptcies, Fed Chairman Jerome Powell warned Wednesday. He invited the US Congress and the White House to take additional measures to help the economy. According to him, fiscal support, although it will entail an increase in the budget deficit (now it is about 20% of GDP, a level of 10% was considered acceptable in recent years), but it will allow the economy to recover faster.
Mr. Powell described the role of the Fed as “covering temporary liquidity problems,” recalling that the regulator can “lend, but not spend.”
The Fed has already made three decisions on additional measures to support the economy in a pandemic. At first, the discount rate was reduced, then short-term liquidity was announced, and at the end of March the regulator promised for the first time to use the “whole set of measures”, thereby effectively removing the limit on the volume of asset repurchases. In addition, large-scale concessional lending programs for the business were initiated with a total volume of $ 2.3 trillion (this is approximately 10% of the country’s GDP, see Kommersant on April 10). For its part, Congress approved three aid programs worth $ 2.9 trillion, equivalent to 14% of GDP.
In the United States, more than 20 million people have already lost their jobs. Among those who were busy in February and whose income does not exceed $ 40 thousand per year, now 40% do not work. Given such a sharp fall in employment, consumption is likely to wait for a slow recovery, according to ING Bank. This, in turn, will put additional pressure on inflation – in April, prices have already fallen by 0.8% month-on-month (including excluding food and energy – by 0.4%).
Donald trump on the eve again called on the Fed to further reduce rates, bringing them into the negative zone. He noted that other countries are already benefiting from this (the ECB, the central banks of Japan, Sweden and Switzerland used this measure at different times). However, Jerome Powell said Wednesday after the speech that members of the Federal Open Market Committee of the Fed did not, in principle, consider such a measure. In his speech, he also pointed out that low inflation has been accompanied in recent decades by the accumulation of imbalances in asset prices. The experience of countries where negative rates operate is not considered by experts as unambiguously successful, they add to ING, noting that the Fed is unlikely to shift them in the opposite direction in the next year and a half.
One of the problems of the controversy surrounding negative rates is the perceptible gap between the conclusions regarding the effects of the transition to the “economy of negative rates” that politicians make from standard economic models and the more complex constructions that the Fed uses.
The main problem of negative rates is that this step can be discussed along with others only in the concept of “least evil” and in the absence of other alternative monetary policy options. For example, a short-term negative rate, all other things being equal, may be an acceptable solution to problems with a sharp temporary reduction in bank capital. In the general simplified case, the provision of money at a negative percentage with high risks in the economy provokes banks to the only rational behavior: to fix the profit generated by the Fed for free, without essentially getting involved in any substantial projects. In this sense, the program of conditionally addressless distribution of funds by the government, up to “helicopter money”, looks in most cases a more reasonable alternative to a negative rate.
The first 10 days after the onset of symptoms of the disease, the 38-year-old American was feeling quite well. He was not at risk; he had no chronic diseases.
– The man was examined, the disease was mild. The patient had a slight cough. Therefore, he was sent home for treatment, ”says the head of the Department of Vascular Surgery at Westchester Medical Center Sean Wengerter.
And then the incredible happened.
One morning, a man woke up with icy and numb legs. The body was constrained by terrible weakness; there was not even the strength to get out of bed.
The examination showed that the patient had aortic occlusion – a large blood clot formed in the main artery at the place where the artery diverged in two directions – to the right and left leg. Because of this clot, blood enriched with oxygen did not enter the iliac arteries.
“This is extremely dangerous.” From this can die from 20% to 50% of patients, – notes Vangerter. – But such things are not typical for 38-year-olds.
An emergency operation to remove a blood clot could save the patient’s life. But doctors working with patients with COVID-19 are everywhere faced with rather strange and frightening phenomena in infected patients. For example, the formation of blood clots (actually blood clots) of various sizes throughout the body, renal failure, inflammation of the heart muscle and malfunctions of the immune system.
“Coronavirus occurs in each patient in its own way,” notes Scott Brackenridge, associate professor of emergency surgery at the College of Medicine at the University of Florida. – In some cases, the patient has a problem with breathing, in others, the internal organs begin to fail. In children, the immune system as a whole begins to rebel.
Coronavirus is not just a respiratory diseasePhoto: Ivan MAKEEV
MYSTERIOUS STROKES
A new type of coronavirus is considered to be a respiratory virus, although it is already becoming obvious – the infection affects the entire human body. The most common symptoms are fever, pneumonia, and acute respiratory distress syndrome.
In this case, the virus attacks some organs directly. First of all, the mucous membrane of blood vessels, which entails unnatural coagulation of blood.
– COVID-19 provokes a local inflammatory reaction that leads to the formation of blood clots, – explains Wengerter. – This is due to the direct effect of the virus on the arteries.
A number of doctors recorded strokes in young patients with coronavirus, as well as the formation of blood clots in the lungs. Blood clots were found even in the smallest vessels.
“Since each organ feeds on blood vessels, and the virus attacks them first and foremost, we end up with damage to internal organs,” adds Dr. Scott Brackenridge.
Another serious symptom that is observed in some patients who become ill with the new coronavirus is the “co-fingers.” The infected toes swell, becoming red or purple. It is possible that the reason for this is blockage of blood vessels. But doctors say that usually this does not have serious consequences.
Kawasaki Syndrome
One of the most alarming reactions to COVID-19 is observed in children. It has already been named as a children’s multisystem inflammatory syndrome. In newYork Doctors have identified more than 100 cases.
This syndrome is characterized by a rather long fever, inflammatory process, malfunction of one or more internal organs, as well as the general condition, which is usually observed with shock. Pediatricians also compare these symptoms with the syndrome. Kawasaki.
Kawasaki syndrome is a rare disease that affects children aged 3 to 10 years. It is characterized by damage to the medium and small arteries, thrombosis, the formation of aneurysms and rupture of the vascular wall. Cases of infection are rare. However, recently, doctors have noted an increase in the number of patients with this syndrome.
Both childhood multisystem inflammatory syndrome and Kawasaki syndrome lead to an overly aggressive immune system response to coronavirus. This may be accompanied by inflammation of the blood vessels and heart muscle.
KILLER CELLS
However, scientists note that coronavirus is not able to cause a strong immune response, but, on the contrary, suppress the entire immune system. And this can allow the infection to freely attack the internal organs.
Partly this theory was confirmed by Chinese experts, led by Dr. Zhang Zhang. Scientists analyzed samples of immune cells taken from the lungs of 9 patients infected with coronavirus. The results of the study showed an abnormally high level of leukocytes – macrophages and neutrophils responsible for the destruction of harmful pathogen – in severe patients. At the same time, these patients had a rather low level of CD8 T cells, which are called killer cells. They are responsible for killing virus-infected cells.
But doctors are reassuring, noting that they have drugs that can thin the blood, and also help the work of white blood cells that resist infection.
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