past

“I went up behind and touched my bra.” Details of the story about a Perm teacher who was given 9 years for harassing a student

by

– It is difficult to build forecasts, but I believe in the best. I feel sorry for mom, she is very worried, it has been going on for more than a year, – said “KP» 49-year-old math teacher Valery Syropyatov and, with a sigh, he entered the courtroom.

On Monday in the Ordzhonikidze court Perm the teacher was sentenced under the article “Violent acts of a sexual nature”. The sentence is 9 years and 6 months in a maximum security colony.

“The girl begged the three”

This ugly story happened in March last year in a Perm school. According to the teacher, she looked like this:

– In the seventh grade, where the girl studied, I taught mathematics for the first year. In the first quarter, she deceived me, I believed and put the “troika”. But there must be an educational moment. I told her that now she will hand over all the work in the sequence in which they are studied. And until we get to the control for the third quarter, the final mark at her will not be!

On that day, March 27, several students came to the mathematician to take the “tails”.

“Everyone sat at their desks and did the work, and once again she decided to slip away,” the teacher continues. – I began to ask myself, said that her stomach ached, her head … I insisted: “Decide the control, get your” threefold “and you can step on all four sides. If it’s inconvenient for you to study in the classroom – the children are noisy – let’s go to another office. ” We left, she stood at the table and again began to whine. I sit at the table and tell her: “Go, decide!” The man does not leave, I waved. I am sitting, she is standing – where will i get? Here in the belt on the side with the back of the hand and hit. It turned out cotton. I admitted this, and was removed by the director from teaching in this class. I apologized and believed that the incident had been exhausted.

Soon, the information got into law enforcement. First, criminal proceedings were instituted for Art. Art. 135 of the Criminal Code RF “Depraved actions”, and after six months the investigations were re-qualified as more serious, Art. 132 “Violent acts of a sexual nature.”

At each meeting, teachers supported

To the court – at each hearing in the Valery case Syropyatova – a support group gathered: former graduates, colleagues, parents of students … 17 of them acted as witnesses from the defense. They all said that they could not believe the guilt of their beloved teacher. He does not smoke, does sports, organizes excursions around the Perm Territory and cities for children Of Russiaorganizes competitions in rogain, tourist trips, alloys, fees …

Despite all the kind words spoken to the defendant, the state prosecution requested 13 years of imprisonment for him.

Valery Syropyatov on the day the sentence was announced, we met near the courthouse. He was light, without things. As the teacher himself explained, he believed that the court would figure it out and justify it.

“I’ve already checked in, now I’ll take a little walk, breathe in fresh air, mentally tune in and go,” he explained before entering the courtroom.

Despite the fact that the process was closed, the journalists and the support group were allowed to announce the verdict.

It was impossible to understand what the teacher experienced at that moment when the judge said “nine and a half years in a maximum security colony”, the teacher’s face was hidden under a mask. And the former graduates and colleagues who were present at the announcement somehow immediately went down. Someone could not hold back tears.

– Do you understand the verdict and the procedure for appealing against it?

“Yes, your honor,” the convict answered calmly.

At that moment, three escorts entered the courtroom. Knowing the rules of staying in places of deprivation of liberty — the teacher spent three days in a pre-trial detention center while the investigation was under way — the teacher began to unfasten his belt in order to remove it, took money from his pockets, a cell phone and gave it to a relative. The guards locked handcuffs on his hands, and asked all those present to leave the courtroom.

It was impossible to understand what the teacher experienced at that moment when the judge said “nine and a half years in a maximum security colony”, the teacher’s face was hidden under a mask.Photo: Vasily Vakhrin

I closed and he pushed my hands away

– The criminal case was considered in closed court, so we can’t explain the details, you heard the verdict, the evidence that the prosecution presented to the court was enough to plead guilty to a particularly serious crime against the sexual integrity of a minor, therefore the sentence so big – said assistant to the prosecutor of the Ordzhonikidze district of Perm, Dmitry Shishkin. – And that slap, and the version that the defendant himself told everyone about, including in the media, is a way of protection.

As it became known to “Komsomolskaya Pravda” from a source familiar with the materials of the criminal case, one of the evidence presented in court was the correspondence of the seventh grader with his girlfriend in social networks. Late in the evening on the day of math retaking, the schoolgirl wrote to her close friend that she was at school, and the teacher took her to a separate office, put her at her desk, walked up behind and began to touch her bra.

“I sat at the table, he was at the back and was pawing me,” she wrote. – I tried to close my hands, and he pushed his hands and touched me by the chest.

Experts examined the girl for bruises and the only thing found on her body was a small scratch on her finger.

The accusation was also based on the words of the girl, her mother and friend. Investigators also found a video from school surveillance cameras, which shows how one of the schoolgirls told Valery Nikolaevich that she had passed the debt, and he leaned over and began to say in her ear that she was good. This was interpreted later as a kiss.

During the investigation, a forensic medical examination was carried out, the biological traces of the teacher on the things of the victim were not found. The teacher was also tested for a tendency to pedophilia, but the result was negative.

READ ALSO:

“Sex scandal” in Perm: a math teacher shines 13 years for a slap on the priest of the seventh grader

In an interview with Komsomolka, the teacher told his version of events [видео] (More …)

In Perm, 17 graduates spoke at the trial in defense of a mathematics teacher who faces 13 years for a slap on the priest of a seventh grader

Among them were police officers and lawyers [видео] (More …)

“Having heard the verdict, he took off his belt.” In Perm, the teacher received 9 and a half years for a slap on the student’s priest

Valery Syropyatov was handcuffed in the courtroom (More …)

.

“I went up behind and touched my bra.” Details of the story about a Perm teacher who was given 9 years for harassing a student

by

– It is difficult to build forecasts, but I believe in the best. I feel sorry for mom, she is very worried, it has been going on for more than a year, – said “KP» 49-year-old math teacher Valery Syropyatov and, with a sigh, he entered the courtroom.

On Monday in the Ordzhonikidze court Perm the teacher was sentenced under the article “Violent acts of a sexual nature”. The sentence is 9 years and 6 months in a maximum security colony.

“The girl begged the three”

This ugly story happened in March last year in a Perm school. According to the teacher, she looked like this:

– In the seventh grade, where the girl studied, I taught mathematics for the first year. In the first quarter, she deceived me, I believed and put the “troika”. But there must be an educational moment. I told her that now she will hand over all the work in the sequence in which they are studied. And until we get to the control for the third quarter, the final mark at her will not be!

On that day, March 27, several students came to the mathematician to take the “tails”.

“Everyone sat at their desks and did the work, and once again she decided to slip away,” the teacher continues. – I began to ask myself, said that her stomach ached, her head … I insisted: “Decide the control, get your” threefold “and you can step on all four sides. If it’s inconvenient for you to study in the classroom – the children are noisy – let’s go to another office. ” We left, she stood at the table and again began to whine. I sit at the table and tell her: “Go, decide!” The man does not leave, I waved. I am sitting, she is standing – where will i get? Here in the belt on the side with the back of the hand and hit. It turned out cotton. I admitted this, and was removed by the director from teaching in this class. I apologized and believed that the incident had been exhausted.

Soon, the information got into law enforcement. First, criminal proceedings were instituted for Art. Art. 135 of the Criminal Code RF “Depraved actions”, and after six months the investigations were re-qualified as more serious, Art. 132 “Violent acts of a sexual nature.”

At each meeting, teachers supported

To the court – at each hearing in the Valery case Syropyatova – a support group gathered: former graduates, colleagues, parents of students … 17 of them acted as witnesses from the defense. They all said that they could not believe the guilt of their beloved teacher. He does not smoke, does sports, organizes excursions around the Perm Territory and cities for children Of Russiaorganizes competitions in rogain, tourist trips, alloys, fees …

Despite all the kind words spoken to the defendant, the state prosecution requested 13 years of imprisonment for him.

Valery Syropyatov on the day the sentence was announced, we met near the courthouse. He was light, without things. As the teacher himself explained, he believed that the court would figure it out and justify it.

“I’ve already checked in, now I’ll take a little walk, breathe in fresh air, mentally tune in and go,” he explained before entering the courtroom.

Despite the fact that the process was closed, the journalists and the support group were allowed to announce the verdict.

It was impossible to understand what the teacher experienced at that moment when the judge said “nine and a half years in a maximum security colony”, the teacher’s face was hidden under a mask. And the former graduates and colleagues who were present at the announcement somehow immediately went down. Someone could not hold back tears.

– Do you understand the verdict and the procedure for appealing against it?

“Yes, your honor,” the convict answered calmly.

At that moment, three escorts entered the courtroom. Knowing the rules of staying in places of deprivation of liberty — the teacher spent three days in a pre-trial detention center while the investigation was under way — the teacher began to unfasten his belt in order to remove it, took money from his pockets, a cell phone and gave it to a relative. The guards locked handcuffs on his hands, and asked all those present to leave the courtroom.

It was impossible to understand what the teacher experienced at that moment when the judge said “nine and a half years in a maximum security colony”, the teacher’s face was hidden under a mask.Photo: Vasily Vakhrin

I closed and he pushed my hands away

– The criminal case was considered in closed court, so we can’t explain the details, you heard the verdict, the evidence that the prosecution presented to the court was enough to plead guilty to a particularly serious crime against the sexual integrity of a minor, therefore the sentence so big – said assistant to the prosecutor of the Ordzhonikidze district of Perm, Dmitry Shishkin. – And that slap, and the version that the defendant himself told everyone about, including in the media, is a way of protection.

As it became known to “Komsomolskaya Pravda” from a source familiar with the materials of the criminal case, one of the evidence presented in court was the correspondence of the seventh grader with his girlfriend in social networks. Late in the evening on the day of math retaking, the schoolgirl wrote to her close friend that she was at school, and the teacher took her to a separate office, put her at her desk, walked up behind and began to touch her bra.

“I sat at the table, he was at the back and was pawing me,” she wrote. – I tried to close my hands, and he pushed his hands and touched me by the chest.

Experts examined the girl for bruises and the only thing found on her body was a small scratch on her finger.

The accusation was also based on the words of the girl, her mother and friend. Investigators also found a video from school surveillance cameras, which shows how one of the schoolgirls told Valery Nikolaevich that she had passed the debt, and he leaned over and began to say in her ear that she was good. This was interpreted later as a kiss.

During the investigation, a forensic medical examination was carried out, the biological traces of the teacher on the things of the victim were not found. The teacher was also tested for a tendency to pedophilia, but the result was negative.

READ ALSO:

“Sex scandal” in Perm: a math teacher shines 13 years for a slap on the priest of the seventh grader

In an interview with Komsomolka, the teacher told his version of events [видео] (More …)

In Perm, 17 graduates spoke at the trial in defense of a mathematics teacher who faces 13 years for a slap on the priest of a seventh grader

Among them were police officers and lawyers [видео] (More …)

“Having heard the verdict, he took off his belt.” In Perm, the teacher received 9 and a half years for a slap on the student’s priest

Valery Syropyatov was handcuffed in the courtroom (More …)

.

“I went up behind and touched my bra.” Details of the story about a Perm teacher who was given 9 years for harassing a student

by

– It is difficult to build forecasts, but I believe in the best. I feel sorry for mom, she is very worried, it has been going on for more than a year, – said “KP» 49-year-old math teacher Valery Syropyatov and, with a sigh, he entered the courtroom.

On Monday in the Ordzhonikidze court Perm the teacher was sentenced under the article “Violent acts of a sexual nature”. The sentence is 9 years and 6 months in a maximum security colony.

“The girl begged the three”

This ugly story happened in March last year in a Perm school. According to the teacher, she looked like this:

– In the seventh grade, where the girl studied, I taught mathematics for the first year. In the first quarter, she deceived me, I believed and put the “troika”. But there must be an educational moment. I told her that now she will hand over all the work in the sequence in which they are studied. And until we get to the control for the third quarter, the final mark at her will not be!

On that day, March 27, several students came to the mathematician to take the “tails”.

“Everyone sat at their desks and did the work, and once again she decided to slip away,” the teacher continues. – I began to ask myself, said that her stomach ached, her head … I insisted: “Decide the control, get your” threefold “and you can step on all four sides. If it’s inconvenient for you to study in the classroom – the children are noisy – let’s go to another office. ” We left, she stood at the table and again began to whine. I sit at the table and tell her: “Go, decide!” The man does not leave, I waved. I am sitting, she is standing – where will i get? Here in the belt on the side with the back of the hand and hit. It turned out cotton. I admitted this, and was removed by the director from teaching in this class. I apologized and believed that the incident had been exhausted.

Soon, the information got into law enforcement. First, criminal proceedings were instituted for Art. Art. 135 of the Criminal Code RF “Depraved actions”, and after six months the investigations were re-qualified as more serious, Art. 132 “Violent acts of a sexual nature.”

At each meeting, teachers supported

To the court – at each hearing in the Valery case Syropyatova – a support group gathered: former graduates, colleagues, parents of students … 17 of them acted as witnesses from the defense. They all said that they could not believe the guilt of their beloved teacher. He does not smoke, does sports, organizes excursions around the Perm Territory and cities for children Of Russiaorganizes competitions in rogain, tourist trips, alloys, fees …

Despite all the kind words spoken to the defendant, the state prosecution requested 13 years of imprisonment for him.

Valery Syropyatov on the day the sentence was announced, we met near the courthouse. He was light, without things. As the teacher himself explained, he believed that the court would figure it out and justify it.

“I’ve already checked in, now I’ll take a little walk, breathe in fresh air, mentally tune in and go,” he explained before entering the courtroom.

Despite the fact that the process was closed, the journalists and the support group were allowed to announce the verdict.

It was impossible to understand what the teacher experienced at that moment when the judge said “nine and a half years in a maximum security colony”, the teacher’s face was hidden under a mask. And the former graduates and colleagues who were present at the announcement somehow immediately went down. Someone could not hold back tears.

– Do you understand the verdict and the procedure for appealing against it?

“Yes, your honor,” the convict answered calmly.

At that moment, three escorts entered the courtroom. Knowing the rules of staying in places of deprivation of liberty — the teacher spent three days in a pre-trial detention center while the investigation was under way — the teacher began to unfasten his belt in order to remove it, took money from his pockets, a cell phone and gave it to a relative. The guards locked handcuffs on his hands, and asked all those present to leave the courtroom.

It was impossible to understand what the teacher experienced at that moment when the judge said “nine and a half years in a maximum security colony”, the teacher’s face was hidden under a mask.Photo: Vasily Vakhrin

I closed and he pushed my hands away

– The criminal case was considered in closed court, so we can’t explain the details, you heard the verdict, the evidence that the prosecution presented to the court was enough to plead guilty to a particularly serious crime against the sexual integrity of a minor, therefore the sentence so big – said assistant to the prosecutor of the Ordzhonikidze district of Perm, Dmitry Shishkin. – And that slap, and the version that the defendant himself told everyone about, including in the media, is a way of protection.

As it became known to “Komsomolskaya Pravda” from a source familiar with the materials of the criminal case, one of the evidence presented in court was the correspondence of the seventh grader with his girlfriend in social networks. Late in the evening on the day of math retaking, the schoolgirl wrote to her close friend that she was at school, and the teacher took her to a separate office, put her at her desk, walked up behind and began to touch her bra.

“I sat at the table, he was at the back and was pawing me,” she wrote. – I tried to close my hands, and he pushed his hands and touched me by the chest.

Experts examined the girl for bruises and the only thing found on her body was a small scratch on her finger.

The accusation was also based on the words of the girl, her mother and friend. Investigators also found a video from school surveillance cameras, which shows how one of the schoolgirls told Valery Nikolaevich that she had passed the debt, and he leaned over and began to say in her ear that she was good. This was interpreted later as a kiss.

During the investigation, a forensic medical examination was carried out, the biological traces of the teacher on the things of the victim were not found. The teacher was also tested for a tendency to pedophilia, but the result was negative.

READ ALSO:

“Sex scandal” in Perm: a math teacher shines 13 years for a slap on the priest of the seventh grader

In an interview with Komsomolka, the teacher told his version of events [видео] (More …)

In Perm, 17 graduates spoke at the trial in defense of a mathematics teacher who faces 13 years for a slap on the priest of a seventh grader

Among them were police officers and lawyers [видео] (More …)

“Having heard the verdict, he took off his belt.” In Perm, the teacher received 9 and a half years for a slap on the student’s priest

Valery Syropyatov was handcuffed in the courtroom (More …)

.

What happens when a language disappears?

by

Two grammars, a few hours of recording and a handful of books, that’s all that remains of the oubykh, a language from the shores of the Black Sea. This talk disappeared in the early 1990s, with the death of its last speaker. Like the oubykh, a dozen languages ​​are never spoken again and die every decade, at a rate that is accelerating according to linguists.

According to the Atlas of Endangered Languages, published in 2010 by Unesco, around 2,500 of the 7,000 languages ​​identified were disappearing. Since then, this figure has undoubtedly increased further, languages ​​extinguishing at the same time as their last transmitters for want of being transmitted to a new generation.

→ READ. Rwandans changed languages ​​after genocide

“In 2005, when I went to Vanikoro, in the Solomon Islands, two of the three languages ​​of the island were only spoken by six and twelve people respectively, remembers Alexandre François, director of research at the CNRS and specialists in Oceanian languages. In 2012, there was only one tanema speaker and four lovono speakers left. ” The third language of Vanikoro, Teanu, gradually imposed itself on all the inhabitants, nibbling on the other two.

“On the scale of a territory as small as this one, we observe the same phenomena as in much larger societies, with migrations and the replacement of one language by another, the majority”, continues the specialist. For we must not believe that tanema, lovono and teanu represent only three variations of the same dialect; they are indeed three different languages.

A dialect becomes a language in its own right when it is no longer understood by someone who does not speak it. For example, if Quebecers and Parisians understand each other it is because they speak French, the same language, and if French and English do not get along, it is because they are two different languages. In this case, the one who speaks Teanu does not understand the one who speaks Lovono.

Quick shutdown

Even rapid extinction in Gabon, where the linguist Jean-Marie Hombert has listed some twenty languages ​​spoken by less than a hundred speakers, and which are therefore going to disappear. And this despite the government’s efforts to preserve a certain diversity in the face of the French who had imposed themselves with colonization. “Languages ​​are abandoned either because an” official “language is dictated by the colonizer or the State, or because the language of the neighbor has greater social value”, explains this specialist in African languages.

French regional languages ​​have suffered the same fate. “The XXe century marks a brutal break, with for example within the same family of the elders who were raised in Breton and the youngest in French, describes the linguist Jean-Paul Chauveau. The future was no longer local but national; we studied and worked beyond the borders of our region and therefore we learned the common language. “ A movement that continues with globalization and distances that are constantly shortened by communication and transport. Today, English is essential to dialogue outside the French borders, and young people often master the language of Shakespeare without flinching.

A little like the biodiversity in danger, some very specific and localized talks are therefore dying out. “And when a language disappears, it’s a way of seeing the world that disappears, because each one cuts out reality and expresses subtleties according to its needs”, worries Alexandre François, for whom each language is like a clock: all have the same fundamental role but not all tell the time in the same way.

Every time a speaker dies, the language becomes impoverished

Certain distinctions between similar plants or certain descriptions of very precise and delimited meteorological phenomena depend on a vocabulary which exists only among the peoples who meet them. Languages ​​also carry the philosophy of their speakers. “In movima, a Bolivian language on which I work, the article in front of the name is different if the object or the person of which I speak is physically present next to me or if it is absent, explains Katharina Haude, linguist at the University of Cologne. It is a way of describing the world that does not exist in European languages, and each time one of the 200 or so speakers dies, the language becomes poorer. “

In Africa, the Bantu languages ​​can use up to 25 prefixes to express “genders”: masculine, feminine, place, object, nature, but also the primacy, or even simply humanity. Ditto for the Australian aboriginal languages, of which more than a hundred have disappeared in a century and which, for some of them, also use the cardinal points (north, south, east and west), instead of a centered geography on the speaker (front, back, right and left).

→ READ. El Hadi Bouras, activist for linguistic diversity

“The myths and knowledge related to a language can be translated and preserved even if a language dies out, but the common history, the construction of the world and the culture die with the speakers, sums up Katharina Haude. A dead language is at best a language without evolution, frozen as the world continues to move forward, and at worst a forgotten language, disappeared with the civilization that used it. “

To preserve a language, only transmission counts, whether written or oral. Linguists are formal: it is above all the vitality of the community and its culture that ensures linguistic vitality. Latin, although written, collapsed with the Roman Empire. Conversely, “In Gabon, only a few languages ​​have a script developed by missionaries, but that does not prevent oral languages ​​from transmitting their knowledge, recalls Jean-Marie Hombert. And with them, the stories of their peoples and their lands. “

_____________________________________

Some notions

Language, dialect and dialect. A dialect is a local variation of a language that remains understandable even by those who do not speak that dialect, and a dialect is a derogatory term for a dialect. For example, French and German are two languages, and Mosellan is a dialect of German.

Vehicle language and vernacular. A lingua franca is used by speakers of different languages ​​to communicate, like a third and common language. A vernacular is the language of the community. English is both at the same time: means of communication between a Portuguese and a Chinese, it is also the language proper to the Anglo-Saxons.

.

What happens when a language disappears?

by

Two grammars, a few hours of recording and a handful of books, that’s all that remains of the oubykh, a language from the shores of the Black Sea. This talk disappeared in the early 1990s, with the death of its last speaker. Like the oubykh, a dozen languages ​​are never spoken again and die every decade, at a rate that is accelerating according to linguists.

According to the Atlas of Endangered Languages, published in 2010 by Unesco, around 2,500 of the 7,000 languages ​​identified were disappearing. Since then, this figure has undoubtedly increased further, languages ​​extinguishing at the same time as their last transmitters for want of being transmitted to a new generation.

→ READ. Rwandans changed languages ​​after genocide

“In 2005, when I went to Vanikoro, in the Solomon Islands, two of the three languages ​​of the island were only spoken by six and twelve people respectively, remembers Alexandre François, director of research at the CNRS and specialists in Oceanian languages. In 2012, there was only one tanema speaker and four lovono speakers left. ” The third language of Vanikoro, Teanu, gradually imposed itself on all the inhabitants, nibbling on the other two.

“On the scale of a territory as small as this one, we observe the same phenomena as in much larger societies, with migrations and the replacement of one language by another, the majority”, continues the specialist. For we must not believe that tanema, lovono and teanu represent only three variations of the same dialect; they are indeed three different languages.

A dialect becomes a language in its own right when it is no longer understood by someone who does not speak it. For example, if Quebecers and Parisians understand each other it is because they speak French, the same language, and if French and English do not get along, it is because they are two different languages. In this case, the one who speaks Teanu does not understand the one who speaks Lovono.

Quick shutdown

Even rapid extinction in Gabon, where the linguist Jean-Marie Hombert has listed some twenty languages ​​spoken by less than a hundred speakers, and which are therefore going to disappear. And this despite the government’s efforts to preserve a certain diversity in the face of the French who had imposed themselves with colonization. “Languages ​​are abandoned either because an” official “language is dictated by the colonizer or the State, or because the language of the neighbor has greater social value”, explains this specialist in African languages.

French regional languages ​​have suffered the same fate. “The XXe century marks a brutal break, with for example within the same family of the elders who were raised in Breton and the youngest in French, describes the linguist Jean-Paul Chauveau. The future was no longer local but national; we studied and worked beyond the borders of our region and therefore we learned the common language. “ A movement that continues with globalization and distances that are constantly shortened by communication and transport. Today, English is essential to dialogue outside the French borders, and young people often master the language of Shakespeare without flinching.

A little like the biodiversity in danger, some very specific and localized talks are therefore dying out. “And when a language disappears, it’s a way of seeing the world that disappears, because each one cuts out reality and expresses subtleties according to its needs”, worries Alexandre François, for whom each language is like a clock: all have the same fundamental role but not all tell the time in the same way.

Every time a speaker dies, the language becomes impoverished

Certain distinctions between similar plants or certain descriptions of very precise and delimited meteorological phenomena depend on a vocabulary which exists only among the peoples who meet them. Languages ​​also carry the philosophy of their speakers. “In movima, a Bolivian language on which I work, the article in front of the name is different if the object or the person of which I speak is physically present next to me or if it is absent, explains Katharina Haude, linguist at the University of Cologne. It is a way of describing the world that does not exist in European languages, and each time one of the 200 or so speakers dies, the language becomes poorer. “

In Africa, the Bantu languages ​​can use up to 25 prefixes to express “genders”: masculine, feminine, place, object, nature, but also the primacy, or even simply humanity. Ditto for the Australian aboriginal languages, of which more than a hundred have disappeared in a century and which, for some of them, also use the cardinal points (north, south, east and west), instead of a centered geography on the speaker (front, back, right and left).

→ READ. El Hadi Bouras, activist for linguistic diversity

“The myths and knowledge related to a language can be translated and preserved even if a language dies out, but the common history, the construction of the world and the culture die with the speakers, sums up Katharina Haude. A dead language is at best a language without evolution, frozen as the world continues to move forward, and at worst a forgotten language, disappeared with the civilization that used it. “

To preserve a language, only transmission counts, whether written or oral. Linguists are formal: it is above all the vitality of the community and its culture that ensures linguistic vitality. Latin, although written, collapsed with the Roman Empire. Conversely, “In Gabon, only a few languages ​​have a script developed by missionaries, but that does not prevent oral languages ​​from transmitting their knowledge, recalls Jean-Marie Hombert. And with them, the stories of their peoples and their lands. “

_____________________________________

Some notions

Language, dialect and dialect. A dialect is a local variation of a language that remains understandable even by those who do not speak that dialect, and a dialect is a derogatory term for a dialect. For example, French and German are two languages, and Mosellan is a dialect of German.

Vehicle language and vernacular. A lingua franca is used by speakers of different languages ​​to communicate, like a third and common language. A vernacular is the language of the community. English is both at the same time: means of communication between a Portuguese and a Chinese, it is also the language proper to the Anglo-Saxons.

.

What happens when a language disappears?

by

Two grammars, a few hours of recording and a handful of books, that’s all that remains of the oubykh, a language from the shores of the Black Sea. This talk disappeared in the early 1990s, with the death of its last speaker. Like the oubykh, a dozen languages ​​are never spoken again and die every decade, at a rate that is accelerating according to linguists.

According to the Atlas of Endangered Languages, published in 2010 by Unesco, around 2,500 of the 7,000 languages ​​identified were disappearing. Since then, this figure has undoubtedly increased further, languages ​​extinguishing at the same time as their last transmitters for want of being transmitted to a new generation.

→ READ. Rwandans changed languages ​​after genocide

“In 2005, when I went to Vanikoro, in the Solomon Islands, two of the three languages ​​of the island were only spoken by six and twelve people respectively, remembers Alexandre François, director of research at the CNRS and specialists in Oceanian languages. In 2012, there was only one tanema speaker and four lovono speakers left. ” The third language of Vanikoro, Teanu, gradually imposed itself on all the inhabitants, nibbling on the other two.

“On the scale of a territory as small as this one, we observe the same phenomena as in much larger societies, with migrations and the replacement of one language by another, the majority”, continues the specialist. For we must not believe that tanema, lovono and teanu represent only three variations of the same dialect; they are indeed three different languages.

A dialect becomes a language in its own right when it is no longer understood by someone who does not speak it. For example, if Quebecers and Parisians understand each other it is because they speak French, the same language, and if French and English do not get along, it is because they are two different languages. In this case, the one who speaks Teanu does not understand the one who speaks Lovono.

Quick shutdown

Even rapid extinction in Gabon, where the linguist Jean-Marie Hombert has listed some twenty languages ​​spoken by less than a hundred speakers, and which are therefore going to disappear. And this despite the government’s efforts to preserve a certain diversity in the face of the French who had imposed themselves with colonization. “Languages ​​are abandoned either because an” official “language is dictated by the colonizer or the State, or because the language of the neighbor has greater social value”, explains this specialist in African languages.

French regional languages ​​have suffered the same fate. “The XXe century marks a brutal break, with for example within the same family of the elders who were raised in Breton and the youngest in French, describes the linguist Jean-Paul Chauveau. The future was no longer local but national; we studied and worked beyond the borders of our region and therefore we learned the common language. “ A movement that continues with globalization and distances that are constantly shortened by communication and transport. Today, English is essential to dialogue outside the French borders, and young people often master the language of Shakespeare without flinching.

A little like the biodiversity in danger, some very specific and localized talks are therefore dying out. “And when a language disappears, it’s a way of seeing the world that disappears, because each one cuts out reality and expresses subtleties according to its needs”, worries Alexandre François, for whom each language is like a clock: all have the same fundamental role but not all tell the time in the same way.

Every time a speaker dies, the language becomes impoverished

Certain distinctions between similar plants or certain descriptions of very precise and delimited meteorological phenomena depend on a vocabulary which exists only among the peoples who meet them. Languages ​​also carry the philosophy of their speakers. “In movima, a Bolivian language on which I work, the article in front of the name is different if the object or the person of which I speak is physically present next to me or if it is absent, explains Katharina Haude, linguist at the University of Cologne. It is a way of describing the world that does not exist in European languages, and each time one of the 200 or so speakers dies, the language becomes poorer. “

In Africa, the Bantu languages ​​can use up to 25 prefixes to express “genders”: masculine, feminine, place, object, nature, but also the primacy, or even simply humanity. Ditto for the Australian aboriginal languages, of which more than a hundred have disappeared in a century and which, for some of them, also use the cardinal points (north, south, east and west), instead of a centered geography on the speaker (front, back, right and left).

→ READ. El Hadi Bouras, activist for linguistic diversity

“The myths and knowledge related to a language can be translated and preserved even if a language dies out, but the common history, the construction of the world and the culture die with the speakers, sums up Katharina Haude. A dead language is at best a language without evolution, frozen as the world continues to move forward, and at worst a forgotten language, disappeared with the civilization that used it. “

To preserve a language, only transmission counts, whether written or oral. Linguists are formal: it is above all the vitality of the community and its culture that ensures linguistic vitality. Latin, although written, collapsed with the Roman Empire. Conversely, “In Gabon, only a few languages ​​have a script developed by missionaries, but that does not prevent oral languages ​​from transmitting their knowledge, recalls Jean-Marie Hombert. And with them, the stories of their peoples and their lands. “

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Some notions

Language, dialect and dialect. A dialect is a local variation of a language that remains understandable even by those who do not speak that dialect, and a dialect is a derogatory term for a dialect. For example, French and German are two languages, and Mosellan is a dialect of German.

Vehicle language and vernacular. A lingua franca is used by speakers of different languages ​​to communicate, like a third and common language. A vernacular is the language of the community. English is both at the same time: means of communication between a Portuguese and a Chinese, it is also the language proper to the Anglo-Saxons.

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The number of patients recovered from coronavirus in Moscow exceeded 148 thousand. :: Society :: RBC

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Photo: Sofya Sandurskaya / AGN “Moscow”

Over the past day, 1007 patients with coronavirus infection recovered in the capital. This was stated by Vice Mayor Anastasia Rakova, reports the operational headquarters of Moscow.

“Over the past day after undergoing treatment, another 1007 patients recovered. In total, the number of people cured of the infection increased to 148 102, ”said the vice mayor.

Doctors report coronavirus vaccine testers

Photo: Igor Ivanko / AGN “Moscow”

According to the latest data, since the beginning of the epidemic in Moscow, more than 220 thousand patients have been identified. Of these, 3,761 patients died. In total, 634,437 infected were registered in Russia, 9,073 people were cured.

On the eve of the doctor anesthetist-resuscitator of the branch of the military hospital named after N.N. Burdenko Oleg Chikhlyaev said that volunteers who are testing the coronavirus vaccine have not yet revealed negative health effects. At the stage of clinical trials is a drug developed jointly with the Ministry of Defense, they began on June 18.

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The number of patients recovered from coronavirus in Moscow exceeded 148 thousand. :: Society :: RBC

by

Photo: Sofya Sandurskaya / AGN “Moscow”

Over the past day, 1007 patients with coronavirus infection recovered in the capital. This was stated by Vice Mayor Anastasia Rakova, reports the operational headquarters of Moscow.

“Over the past day after undergoing treatment, another 1007 patients recovered. In total, the number of people cured of the infection increased to 148 102, ”said the vice mayor.

Doctors report coronavirus vaccine testers

Photo: Igor Ivanko / AGN “Moscow”

According to the latest data, since the beginning of the epidemic in Moscow, more than 220 thousand patients have been identified. Of these, 3,761 patients died. In total, 634,437 infected were registered in Russia, 9,073 people were cured.

On the eve of the doctor anesthetist-resuscitator of the branch of the military hospital named after N.N. Burdenko Oleg Chikhlyaev said that volunteers who are testing the coronavirus vaccine have not yet revealed negative health effects. At the stage of clinical trials is a drug developed jointly with the Ministry of Defense, they began on June 18.

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Daughter Pugacheva undressed for candid shooting

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Grandson Of Alla Pugacheva Nikita Presnyakov for three years happily married. His wife Alena Krasnov is a rare beauty, what I am always convinced its followers of Instagram. Alena – model, often removed in photo shoots. Footage from the last shooting she decided to share on his page. The pictures were unexpectedly spicy: the 23-year-old wife Presnyakov posing in her panties, covering her Breasts a wide-brimmed hat.

– I am not given to display such pictures, but do not go for the sake of art, especially when on the scale of 6 kg during the quarantine – coyly said Alena.

Subscribers, however, no extra pounds in the pictures could not see: she looks slim, toned and very sexy. Beautiful photos of the couple appreciated and Nikita Presnyakov.

I nesoi directly to display such pictures, but do not go for the sake of art, especially when the scales -6 kg during the quarantine Thanks MoEI lubimoi @nastyaafed for such frames Which picture do you like best?

– Missed wife, of course – he wrote in the comments.

It is unknown whether saw Frank shooting the grandmother Nikita Alla, and what she said about spicy photo shoot Alena. “Alla is in shock,” just kidding followers. In the comments they throw a young wife Presnyakov compliments and I assure you that the photos look beautiful and brand does not matter.

– Life is a moment! While you are young and you have from God such beauty, let everyone look and envy! – said one of podeschi.


Alena posing Topless. Photo: Instagram.

Alena posing Topless. Photo: Instagram.

During the quarantine, Nikita and Alena lived in the suburban house, owned by Pugacheva. However, no matter Presnyakov Jr. sat In may he released the video for new single “Shadow” (Nikita, recall, lead singer of the Multiverse). The Prime Minister was supported by his famous grandmother, boasting talents grandson in social networks.

Last year Nikita Presnyakov became the hero of the program Lera Kudryavtseva “The secret to a million” the musician told the presenter about his family life quite intimate things – for example, about the first sex with his future wife. Nikita was the first love of Alena, which ended legal marriage. Pair got married after four years of relationship.


Fans pelted the wife of the grandson Pugacheva compliments. Photo: Instagram.

Fans pelted the wife of the grandson Pugacheva compliments. Photo: Instagram.

Nikita started Dating Alena Krasnova, when she was only 17 years old, she was still in school. Presnyakov waited two years for the moment when his girlfriend is ready for an intimate relationship. For a young lover Nikita, who is older than Alena for six years, voluntarily refused to have sex – he believed that they all must happen at the moment when the girl herself is ready for it.

– In terms of sex I waited until she said ready. Two years we suffered, – told the grandson Pugacheva. – I have a very big will power and if I put some goal, I achieve it, – said Nikita. – We with Alena for the first time it happened-planned, carefully and romantic. Alena was very nervous!

We are already a month in the country in isolation And this is definitely something there

Alain initially doubted his feelings for Nikita. It seemed to her that they all happen too fast. Besides her troubled six-year age difference. Grandson of Alla Pugacheva and his future wife met, that is, neighborly: villas their families are located nearby, Alena from a wealthy family. Like Nikita, his beloved was a creative soul: I was fond of gymnastics, dancing in the Studio Alla Brass “Todes” and studied at a music school.

Nikita also explained why he was in no hurry to do Dolly parton’s great grandmother: according to the musician, they Alena in no hurry to have children, because while I want to stand up and live for yourself.

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Oil backed by dividends – Kommersant newspaper No. 81 (6802) dated 05/12/2020

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Over the past week, funds from developed countries lost about $ 12 billion of investments, emerging markets funds lost almost $ 4.5 billion. International investors are withdrawing from their restored value in anticipation of a global economic downturn. Enviable stability is demonstrated by Russian funds, interest in which is supported by positive dynamics in oil prices and upcoming dividend payments.

International investors have stepped out of stocks, according to Emerging Portfolio Fund Research (EPFR). According to Kommersant’s estimates, based on Bank of America data (taking into account EPFR data), for the week ending May 6, customers of all equity funds took away $ 16.3 billion. This result is 2.5 times more than the week-ago indicator and the maximum since the end Martha. At the same time, the main outflow of funds fell on the funds of developed countries. According to EPFR, it exceeded $ 11.7 billion, which is 3.5 times more than a week ago. Most actively, investors withdrew money from US funds – according to EPFR, about $ 9.3 billion was taken from US funds, almost six times more than a week earlier. The outflow from European funds slowed from $ 2.7 billion to $ 1.8 billion.

In less than two months, thanks to massive financial support from the central banks of leading countries, stock indices have recovered a significant part of their losses. So, the S&P 500 index won back 60% of the March fall, and the MSCI EM index – over 40%. According to Valery Vaysberg, Director of the Analytical Department of the Region Group of Companies, global stock markets have achieved the goals of corrective movement and now investors are taking profit.

At the same time, concern about weak macroeconomic data published in various countries is only growing.

In particular, unemployment in the US in April rose to a record 14.7%, that is, 20.5 million people lost their jobs in a month. According to Ravil Yusipov, Deputy General Director of the TFG Management Company, after a quick rebound, many investment houses made statements that the stock market is in the largest discrepancy with the forecasted profit levels and its multiples look unreasonably high. “There is growth in quantitative terms, but the quality of growth is low,” notes Mr. Yusipov.

Prospects for reducing demand from developed economies lead to the withdrawal of investors from the markets of developing countries. According to EPFR, in the reporting week, funds whose investment policy is focused on emerging markets lost almost $ 4.5 billion against $ 3.4 billion a week earlier. The largest outflow of funds in the BRIC countries came from the funds of China ($ 1.5 billion) and Brazil ($ 328 million).

Russian funds stood out from the overall picture, the net inflow of which amounted to $ 16 million per week (a week earlier, $ 5 million was withdrawn from them).

Analysts attribute the interest shown to the recovery in oil prices. According to Reuters, quotes for the nearest Brent oil futures have been holding at $ 30 per barrel for a week already. The cost of Russian Urals oil is around $ 25 per barrel. In addition, investors expect dividend payments for the year for Russian issuers. “The Russian market pretty well experienced the April fall in oil prices, not least due to the expected payment of high dividends for 2019 and the activity of local investors. Forecasts on the profits of the largest issuers, although they suggest a significant decrease, remain positive, which allows counting on dividends for 2020, unlike many foreign companies, ”says Valery Vaysberg.

Further development of the market situation will be determined by the generosity of leading financial regulators. In particular, market participants do not exclude that the US Federal Reserve, following the example of the ECB, may for the first time in history lower its key rate below zero by December this year. This is evidenced by futures on the federal funds rate. “The money wall from global regulators is able to give confidence to investors. Russian stocks remain attractive – oil prices have moved away from the lows, and the securities themselves look cheap as a result of the weakening ruble, ”said Ravil Yusipov. However, according to him, so far “the current inflow into Russian funds looks more like a niche than a long-term trend.”

Vitaliy Gaidaev

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