According to researchers at the Institute for Basic Science (IBS), a misplaced molecular switch called ERBB4 acts as an early driver of multiple Alzheimer’s disease pathologies in mouse models, triggering neuronal hyperactivity, synapse loss, reactive gliosis, amyloid accumulation, and cognitive impairment when it turns on in excitatory neurons instead of inhibitory neurons. How Misplaced ERBB4 … Read more
Neurogenesis in the adult brain hippocampus stalls in patients with major depressive disorder, according to a study published by researchers at Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons. While previous medical models linked depression primarily to neurotransmitter deficiencies like serotonin, the new findings indicate that the condition stems from broader issues affecting neuronal adaptability … Read more
Mapping human brain function requires tracking single-cell and spatial multi-omics across molecular layers, according to a review published in EXO – Beyond the Cell. Traditional bulk tissue measurements often miss the complex anatomical and microenvironmental niches that define neurological diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. Single-Cell Multi-Omics and Disease Progression Understanding molecular changes in the brain … Read more
The findings demonstrate that mature astrocytes control thalamic neural activity through GABA signaling pathways, offering potential implications for epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease and other disorders associated with memory problems. How Astrocytes Shape Memory Consolidation During Sleep Research has shown that a good night’s sleep has many benefits, including memory consolidation. Dr. Benjamin Deneen, corresponding author, professor … Read more
Memories can survive even after the brain temporarily loses more than half of its synaptic connections, according to a mouse study published in the journal Science by Yu-Ju Lin and colleagues. The findings challenge the long-held view that long-term memories depend entirely on stable individual synapses, suggesting instead that resilient patterns of neural architecture preserve … Read more
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Folic acid prevents serious neural tube birth defects by interacting with an enzyme called ALDH1L1 to produce retinoic acid, according to a study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). Researchers from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and NOVA Medical School discovered that without this specific enzyme pathway, vitamin B9 loses … Read more
New research published in the journal Neuron identifies a biological mechanism linking childhood adversity to lifelong stress hypersensitivity. By studying mouse models, scientists discovered that early-life stress (ELS) triggers epigenetic changes—specifically the enrichment of the H3K4me1 histone mark and the enzyme SETD7—within the brain’s ventral tegmental area (VTA), effectively priming dopamine neurons to overreact to … Read more
According to researchers at McMaster University, the naturally occurring hormone GDF15 protects the liver from inflammation and slows the progression of scarring through a brain-to-liver signaling pathway independent of weight loss. Published in Cell Metabolism, the findings challenge longstanding assumptions about the hormone, which is best known for suppressing appetite and promoting weight loss. Understanding … Read more
The technique aims to untangle overlapping electrochemical signals to monitor multiple brain chemicals simultaneously during neurochemical monitoring. Measuring Neurotransmitters with Voltammetry and Machine Learning Monitoring brain chemistry in real time remains a core challenge in neurochemistry. According to Andrews, traditional methods like microdialysis involve implanting a semi-permeable membrane into the brain’s extracellular space to sample … Read more
Researchers at the University of Freiburg’s BrainLinks-BrainTools research centre have identified how neurons in the premotor and primary motor cortices coordinate movement planning and execution, according to a study published in Cell Reports. The findings reveal that premotor neurons communicate with both inhibitory and excitatory populations in the primary motor cortex during planning, a mechanism … Read more